Microbiome and metabolic disease: revisiting the bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Bacterial species composition in the gut has emerged as an important factor in obesity and its related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Out of thousands of bacterial species-level phylotypes inhabiting the human gut, the majority belong to two dominant phyla, the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Members of the Bacteroidetes in particular have been associated with human metabolic diseases. However, their associations with disease are not always consistent between studies. Delving deeper into the diversity within the Bacteroidetes reveals a vast diversity in genomes and capacities, which partly explain how not all members respond equally to similar environmental conditions in their hosts. Here, we discuss the Bacteroidetes phylum, associations of its members with metabolic phenotypes, and efforts to characterize functionally their interactions with their hosts. Harnessing the Bacteroidetes to promote metabolic health will require a nuanced understanding of how specific strains interact with their microbial neighbors and their hosts under various conditions.

Related collections

Most cited references 14

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Dietary Fiber-Induced Improvement in Glucose Metabolism Is Associated with Increased Abundance of Prevotella.

Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary, Anne Nilsson, Rozita Akrami … (2015)

The gut microbiota plays an important role in human health by interacting with host diet, but there is substantial inter-individual variation in the response to diet. Here we compared the gut microbiota composition of healthy subjects who exhibited improved glucose metabolism following 3-day consumption of barley kernel-based bread (BKB) with those who responded least to this dietary intervention. The Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio was higher in responders than non-responders after BKB. Metagenomic analysis showed that the gut microbiota of responders was enriched in Prevotella copri and had increased potential to ferment complex polysaccharides after BKB. Finally, germ-free mice transplanted with microbiota from responder human donors exhibited improved glucose metabolism and increased abundance of Prevotella and liver glycogen content compared with germ-free mice that received non-responder microbiota. Our findings indicate that Prevotella plays a role in the BKB-induced improvement in glucose metabolism observed in certain individuals, potentially by promoting increased glycogen storage.

0 comments Cited 654 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

A molecular view of microbial diversity and the biosphere.

N Pace (1997)

Over three decades of molecular-phylogenetic studies, researchers have compiled an increasingly robust map of evolutionary diversification showing that the main diversity of life is microbial, distributed among three primary relatedness groups or domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya. The general properties of representatives of the three domains indicate that the earliest life was based on inorganic nutrition and that photosynthesis and use of organic compounds for carbon and energy metabolism came comparatively later. The application of molecular-phylogenetic methods to study natural microbial ecosystems without the traditional requirement for cultivation has resulted in the discovery of many unexpected evolutionary lineages; members of some of these lineages are only distantly related to known organisms but are sufficiently abundant that they are likely to have impact on the chemistry of the biosphere.

0 comments Cited 428 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Meta-analyses of human gut microbes associated with obesity and IBD.

William Walters, Zech Xu, Rob Knight (2014)

Recent studies have linked human gut microbes to obesity and inflammatory bowel disease, but consistent signals have been difficult to identify. Here we test for indicator taxa and general features of the microbiota that are generally consistent across studies of obesity and of IBD, focusing on studies involving high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (which we could process using a common computational pipeline). We find that IBD has a consistent signature across studies and allows high classification accuracy of IBD from non-IBD subjects, but that although subjects can be classified as lean or obese within each individual study with statistically significant accuracy, consistent with the ability of the microbiota to experimentally transfer this phenotype, signatures of obesity are not consistent between studies even when the data are analyzed with consistent methods. The results suggest that correlations between microbes and clinical conditions with different effect sizes (e.g. the large effect size of IBD versus the small effect size of obesity) may require different cohort selection and analysis strategies.

0 comments Cited 381 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Ruth E. Ley: ruth.ley@tuebingen.mpg.de

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Mol Med (Berl)

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J. Mol. Med

Title: Journal of Molecular Medicine (Berlin, Germany)

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )

ISSN (Print): 0946-2716

ISSN (Electronic): 1432-1440

Publication date (Electronic): 29 November 2016

Publication date PMC-release: 29 November 2016

Publication date (Print): 2017

Volume: 95

Issue: 1

Pages: 1-8

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA

[2 ]Department of Microbiome Science, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany

Article

Publisher ID: 1492

DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1492-2

PMC ID: 5187364

PubMed ID: 27900395

SO-VID: 054f274b-428c-4e8c-88c9-295e7a881fef

License:

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

History

Date received : 24 June 2016

Date revision received : 8 November 2016

Date accepted : 15 November 2016

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000008, David and Lucile Packard Foundation;

Award ID: Fellowship in Science and Engineering

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular medicine

Keywords: obesity,gut microbiome,bacteroidetes,type 2 diabetes

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular medicine

Keywords: obesity, gut microbiome, bacteroidetes, type 2 diabetes

Comments

Comment on this article

scite_

Cited by 118

See all cited by

Most referenced authors 2,617

See all reference authors

- Version 1

Microbiome and metabolic disease: revisiting the bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes

Read this article at

Abstract

Related collections

Bacterial extracellular vesicles

Most cited references 14

Dietary Fiber-Induced Improvement in Glucose Metabolism Is Associated with Increased Abundance of Prevotella.

A molecular view of microbial diversity and the biosphere.

Meta-analyses of human gut microbes associated with obesity and IBD.

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Article

History

Funding

Categories

Custom metadata

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 419

Cited by 118

Most referenced authors 2,617