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      Human Protein Reference Database—2009 update

      research-article
      1 , , 1 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 2 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 3 , 4 , 5 , *
      Nucleic Acids Research
      Oxford University Press

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          Abstract

          Human Protein Reference Database (HPRD— http://www.hprd.org/), initially described in 2003, is a database of curated proteomic information pertaining to human proteins. We have recently added a number of new features in HPRD. These include PhosphoMotif Finder, which allows users to find the presence of over 320 experimentally verified phosphorylation motifs in proteins of interest. Another new feature is a protein distributed annotation system—Human Proteinpedia ( http://www.humanproteinpedia.org/)—through which laboratories can submit their data, which is mapped onto protein entries in HPRD. Over 75 laboratories involved in proteomics research have already participated in this effort by submitting data for over 15 000 human proteins. The submitted data includes mass spectrometry and protein microarray-derived data, among other data types. Finally, HPRD is also linked to a compendium of human signaling pathways developed by our group, NetPath ( http://www.netpath.org/), which currently contains annotations for several cancer and immune signaling pathways. Since the last update, more than 5500 new protein sequences have been added, making HPRD a comprehensive resource for studying the human proteome.

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          Most cited references23

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          Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology Information

          In addition to maintaining the GenBank(R) nucleic acid sequence database, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) provides analysis and retrieval resources for the data in GenBank and other biological data available through NCBI's web site. NCBI resources include Entrez, the Entrez Programming Utilities, My NCBI, PubMed, PubMed Central, Entrez Gene, the NCBI Taxonomy Browser, BLAST, BLAST Link, Electronic PCR, OrfFinder, Spidey, Splign, RefSeq, UniGene, HomoloGene, ProtEST, dbMHC, dbSNP, Cancer Chromosomes, Entrez Genome, Genome Project and related tools, the Trace, Assembly, and Short Read Archives, the Map Viewer, Model Maker, Evidence Viewer, Clusters of Orthologous Groups, Influenza Viral Resources, HIV-1/Human Protein Interaction Database, Gene Expression Omnibus, Entrez Probe, GENSAT, Database of Genotype and Phenotype, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals, the Molecular Modeling Database, the Conserved Domain Database, the Conserved Domain Architecture Retrieval Tool and the PubChem suite of small molecule databases. Augmenting the web applications are custom implementations of the BLAST program optimized to search specialized data sets. These resources can be accessed through the NCBI home page at www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
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            Development of human protein reference database as an initial platform for approaching systems biology in humans.

            Human Protein Reference Database (HPRD) is an object database that integrates a wealth of information relevant to the function of human proteins in health and disease. Data pertaining to thousands of protein-protein interactions, posttranslational modifications, enzyme/substrate relationships, disease associations, tissue expression, and subcellular localization were extracted from the literature for a nonredundant set of 2750 human proteins. Almost all the information was obtained manually by biologists who read and interpreted >300,000 published articles during the annotation process. This database, which has an intuitive query interface allowing easy access to all the features of proteins, was built by using open source technologies and will be freely available at http://www.hprd.org to the academic community. This unified bioinformatics platform will be useful in cataloging and mining the large number of proteomic interactions and alterations that will be discovered in the postgenomic era.
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              Human protein reference database as a discovery resource for proteomics.

              The rapid pace at which genomic and proteomic data is being generated necessitates the development of tools and resources for managing data that allow integration of information from disparate sources. The Human Protein Reference Database (http://www.hprd.org) is a web-based resource based on open source technologies for protein information about several aspects of human proteins including protein-protein interactions, post-translational modifications, enzyme-substrate relationships and disease associations. This information was derived manually by a critical reading of the published literature by expert biologists and through bioinformatics analyses of the protein sequence. This database will assist in biomedical discoveries by serving as a resource of genomic and proteomic information and providing an integrated view of sequence, structure, function and protein networks in health and disease.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Nucleic Acids Res
                Nucleic Acids Res
                nar
                nar
                Nucleic Acids Research
                Oxford University Press
                0305-1048
                1362-4962
                January 2009
                January 2009
                6 November 2008
                6 November 2008
                : 37
                : Database issue , Database issue
                : D767-D772
                Affiliations
                1Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560 066, 2Department of Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Karnataka, India, 3McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, 4Department of Biological Chemistry and 5Department of Pathology and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
                Author notes
                *To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +410 502 6662; Fax: +410 502 7544; Email: pandey@ 123456jhmi.edu
                Correspondence may also be addressed to T. S. Keshava Prasad. Tel: (+91) 80-28416140; Fax: (+91) 80-28416132; Email: keshav@ 123456ibioinformatics.org
                Article
                gkn892
                10.1093/nar/gkn892
                2686490
                18988627
                054b969a-ef8b-49a7-b142-0a242479e960
                © 2008 The Author(s)

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 16 September 2008
                : 20 October 2008
                : 22 October 2008
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                Genetics
                Genetics

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