Risk factor assessment tools for the prevention of periodontitis progression a systematic review

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Abstract

(i) To identify characteristics of currently published patient-based tools used to assess levels of risk for periodontitis progression and (ii) systematically review the evidence documenting the use of patient-based risk assessment tools for predicting periodontitis progression.

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Most cited references 42

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Influence of residual pockets on progression of periodontitis and tooth loss: results after 11 years of maintenance.

Giedre Matuliene, Bjarni E Pjetursson, Giovanni E Salvi … (2008)

Limited evidence exists on the significance of residual probing pocket depth (PPD) as a predictive parameter for periodontal disease progression and tooth loss. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of residual PPD >or=5 mm and bleeding on probing (BOP) after active periodontal therapy (APT) on the progression of periodontitis and tooth loss. In this retrospective cohort, 172 patients were examined after APT and supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) for 3-27 years (mean 11.3 years). Analyses were conducted using information at site, tooth and patient levels. The association of risk factors with tooth loss and progression of periodontitis was investigated using multilevel logistic regression analysis. The number of residual PPD increased during SPT. Compared with PPD or=7 mm 37.9 and 64.2, respectively. At patient level, heavy smoking, initial diagnosis, duration of SPT and PPD>or=6 mm were risk factors for disease progression, while PPD>or=6 mm and BOP>or=30% represented a risk for tooth loss. Residual PPD>or=6 mm represent an incomplete periodontal treatment outcome and require further therapy.

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Periodontal diseases: epidemiology.

Panos Papapanou (1996)

1. The interpretation of epidemiological data of periodontal disease is difficult, due to inconsistencies in the methodology used. It is not possible, therefore, to accurately assess if the prevalence of the periodontal diseases shows a world-wide decline. As long as the disease is assessed through accumulated clinical attachment loss, retention of the natural dentition in older ages entails increased prevalence in these cohorts. Contemporary epidemiological studies should ideally employ full-mouth examination of the periodontal tissues. Partial recording estimates are generally biased, especially when the prevalence of the disease is low. 2. Early-onset periodontitis is infrequent in all populations. Adult periodontitis is rather prevalent; however, advanced disease affects limited subfractions of the population (probably less than 10 to 15%). Although prevalence figures vary with race and geographic region, in most cases, the progression pattern of the disease seems compatible with the retention of a functional dentition throughout life. 3. Of a plethora of behavioral and environmental risk markers identified by multi-variate analysis, smoking and presence of certain subgingival microorganisms have been proven to be true risk factors. The same holds true for diabetes mellitus, a systemic condition that confers a risk for periodontal disease which is independent of the effect of other significant factors. 4. In certain cases, periodontal infections appear to have a systemic impact on the host. Most recent data indicate that periodontal disease may confer risk for coronary heart disease and pre-term low birth weight.

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Bleeding on probing. A predictor for the progression of periodontal disease?

F Gusberti, Ninian Lang, T Orsanic … (1986)

Bleeding on probing (BOP) is a widely used criterion to diagnose gingival inflammation. The purpose of the present retrospective study was to evaluate its prognostic value in identifying sites at risk for periodontal breakdown during the maintenance phase of periodontal therapy. 55 patients who had been treated for advanced periodontitis participated in a recall system for at least 4 years, at regular intervals of 3-5 months. At the start of every appointment, BOP to the bottom of the pocket was registered at 4 sites of every tooth. A random selection of 1054 pockets was made and subdivided into 5 categories according to the incidence of BOP during the last 4 recall appointments. All pockets with a BOP incidence of 4/4 and 3/4 were selected, while only interproximal sites with a BOP incidence of 2/4, 1/4 and 0/4 were chosen. Subsequently, these categories were grouped according to whether or not the attachment level had been maintained from the time prior to the last 4 recall visits. Greater than or equal to 2 mm was defined as loss of clinical attachment. The results indicated that pockets with a probing depth of greater than or equal to 5 mm had a significantly higher incidence of BOP. Patients with 16% or more BOP sites had a higher chance of loosing attachment. Pockets with an incidence of BOP of 4/4 had a 30% chance of loosing attachment. This chance decreased to 14% with BOP of 3/4, 6% with BOP of 2/4, 3% with BOP of 1/4 and 1.5% with BOP of 0/4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): JCPE

Title: Journal of Clinical Periodontology

Abbreviated Title: J Clin Periodontol

Publisher: Wiley

ISSN: 03036979

Publication date Created: April 2015

Publication date (Print): April 2015

Publication date (Electronic): March 31 2015

Volume: 42

Pages: S59-S70

Affiliations

[1 ]Universities of Berne and Zurich; Berne Zurich Switzerland

[2 ]University College London Eastman Dental Institute; London UK

[3 ]European Research Group on Periodontology (ERGOPerio); Genova Italy

Article

DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12350

PubMed ID: 25496279

SO-VID: 04c70236-acb9-4842-ac6e-3e9b784f55e1

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http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor

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Risk factor assessment tools for the prevention of periodontitis progression a systematic review

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Most cited references 42

Influence of residual pockets on progression of periodontitis and tooth loss: results after 11 years of maintenance.

Periodontal diseases: epidemiology.

Bleeding on probing. A predictor for the progression of periodontal disease?

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