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      Transtornos emocionais e a formação em Medicina: um estudo longitudinal Translated title: Emotional disorders during medical training: a longitudinal study

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          Abstract

          Transtornos emocionais como ansiedade, estresse e até mesmo burnout têm sido apontados em estudantes de Medicina durante o período de formação. Esta pesquisa investiga a ocorrência destes transtornos em 18 alunos ao longo dos seis anos de um curso de Medicina. Além de um questionário sociodemográfico, foram aplicados diversos instrumentos de avaliação (Idate, MBI, BAI e ISE), uma ou mais vezes em anos subsequentes. Os resultados evidenciaram que os transtornos foram mais intensos no terceiro e quarto anos. O sentimento de realização pessoal foi aumentando no transcorrer do curso, assim como as atitudes de desumanização. A exaustão emocional, por sua vez, apresentou decréscimo no final do curso. Sugere-se um estudo dos fatores de maior pressão, principalmente os relativos aos terceiro e quarto anos do curso, no sentido de modificá-los e/ou minimizar suas consequências nos estudantes. Por outro lado, disciplinas que promovam maior conhecimento do ser humano e, portanto, atitudes de humanização, devem ser implementadas e/ou receber mais destaque. A ênfase do curso deve ser pautada não só na capacitação técnica e desenvolvimento de habilidades, mas, especialmente, no conhecimento do ser humano e nas relações interpessoais e afetivas.

          Translated abstract

          Emotional disorders such as anxiety, stress, and even burnout have been detected in medical students during their training. This study investigates the occurrence of such disorders in 18 Brazilian students over the course of their six years in medical school. In addition to a socio-demographic questionnaire, various evaluation instruments were applied (Idate, MBI, BAI, and ISE), once or several times in subsequent years. According to the findings, disorders were more intense in the third and fourth years. The feeling of personal fulfillment increased during the course, as did attitudes of dehumanization. Meanwhile, emotional exhaustion decreased at the end of the course. We recommend further research on the strongest pressure factors, especially those related to the third and fourth years, in order to modify them or minimize their consequences for students. In addition, the disciplines in medical school that foster greater knowledge of the human being and thus attitudes of humanization should be implemented and/or receive greater emphasis. The course focus should be based not only on technical training and development of skills, but especially on knowledge of human beings and interpersonal and affective relations.

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          Most cited references39

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          Manual da versão em português das Escalas Beck

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            Levels and sources of stress in medical students.

            Levels of stress, as measured by the general health questionnaire, were assessed in 318 medical students in their fourth year at three British universities. Mean scores were higher than those in other groups within the general population, and the estimated prevalence of emotional disturbance was 31.2%, a proportion similar to that reported in medical students in the United States. There were no differences in prevalence or in mean scores of stress between the sexes. Twelve (4%) students reported high intake of alcohol, and almost half of the students had increased their intake in the past two years. The four categories most commonly cited in answers to an open ended question on recent stressful events were talking to psychiatric patients, effects on personal life, presenting cases, and dealing with death and suffering. Relationships with consultants raised the strongest negative feelings, with 102 (34%) students finding these particularly stressful. Stress among medical students should be acknowledged and attempts made to alleviate it.
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              Burnout:Quando o trabalho ameaça o bem-estar do trabalhador

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbem
                Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica
                Rev. bras. educ. med.
                Associação Brasileira de Educação Médica (Rio de Janeiro )
                1981-5271
                March 2009
                : 33
                : 1
                : 10-23
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Estadual de Maringá Brazil
                Article
                S0100-55022009000100003
                10.1590/S0100-55022009000100003
                042823da-9c5f-4d6c-b8c8-22d356a8d92a

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-5502&lng=en
                Categories
                HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

                Health & Social care
                Students, Medical,Stress,Burnout, professional,Anxiety,Depression,Medical education,Estudantes de medicina,Estresse,Esgotamento profissional,Ansiedade,Depressão,Educação médica

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