3
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      MULTIPLE MYELOMA AND LIGHT-CHAIN AMYLOIDOSIS: A RARE PRESENTATION

      case-report

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Primary systemic amyloidosis is part of the spectrum of plasma cell neoplasms, in which immunoglobulin light chains are deposited in multiple organs. However, myopathic involvement along with respiratory failure and associated multiple myeloma is a rare condition. Clinical case: This paper presents the case of a patient with systemic light chain amyloidosis who was admitted due to myopathy with respiratory failure and adynamic ileus that required intensive care. Infiltration in skin and digestive tract was confirmed by histology. The patient presented with concomitant multiple myeloma with lytic bone lesions and myeloma kidney. The patient responded well to the CyBorD scheme (cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, dexamethasone), renal function was recovered and skin lesions decreased. However, gastrointestinal and myopathic involvement was difficult to manage, requiring ventilatory support and parenteral nutrition. Discussion: Clinicians may oversee this pathology, leading to advanced stages of the disease. Currently, new chemotherapy agents and autologous transplantation may increase the survival of these patients. Conclusion: AL amyloidosis has a wide spectrum of manifestations and should be considered in differentials to reach an early diagnosis and make it treatable.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción. La amiloidosis sistémica primaria hace parte del espectro de neoplasias de células plasmáticas, donde las cadenas livianas de inmunoglobulina se depositan en múltiples órganos. El compromiso miopático con falla respiratoria y mieloma múltiple asociado es poco frecuente. Caso clínico. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con amiloidosis sistémica de cadenas livianas (AL) quien ingresó por miopatía con falla respiratoria e íleo adinámico, por lo que se llevó a la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Por histología se confirmó infiltración en piel y tracto digestivo y concomitantemente se presentó mieloma múltiple con lesiones óseas líticas y riñón de mieloma. El paciente tuvo buena respuesta al esquema CyBorD (ciclofosfamida, bortezomib, dexametasona), recuperó su función renal y tuvo disminución de las lesiones en piel. Sin embargo, el compromiso gastrointestinal y miopático fue difícil de manejar y se requirió soporte ventilatorio y nutrición parenteral. Discusión. El clínico puede pasar por alto esta patología, por lo que es probable llegar a fases avanzadas de la enfermedad. En la actualidad, con nuevos agentes de quimioterapia y trasplante autólogo, se puede aumentar la sobrevida de estos pacientes. Conclusión. La amiloidosis AL tiene un amplio espectro de manifestaciones y debe considerarse en los diagnósticos diferenciales a fin de hacer un diagnóstico precoz y hacerla una condición tratable.

          Related collections

          Most cited references16

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          AL (Light-Chain) Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Review of Diagnosis and Therapy.

          The amyloidoses are a group of protein-folding disorders in which ≥1 organ is infiltrated by proteinaceous deposits known as amyloid. The deposits are derived from 1 of several amyloidogenic precursor proteins, and the prognosis of the disease is determined both by the organ(s) involved and the type of amyloid. Amyloid involvement of the heart (cardiac amyloidosis) carries the worst prognosis of any involved organ, and light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is the most serious form of the disease. The last decade has seen considerable progress in understanding the amyloidoses. In this review, current and novel approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac amyloidosis are discussed, with particular reference to AL amyloidosis in the heart.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Multiple myeloma-associated AL amyloidosis: is a distinctive therapeutic approach warranted?

            The natural history of multiple myeloma (MM) was revolutionized by the introduction of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation to the treatment armamentarium of this disease. Defined subgroups of MM patients (such as the elderly or dialysis-dependent) have required an individualized approach in order to minimize the transplant-related mortality. Little, however, is known about the management of 12-30% of MM patients with coexistent AL amyloidosis as the amyloidopathy is often overlooked and when recognized these patients commonly are excluded from clinical trials. While occult amyloidosis appears to have no impact on the toxicity and outcome of MM patients, the presence of symptomatic amyloidopathy clearly worsens their prognosis. Use of induction chemotherapy drugs that can cause further damage to the heart (Adriamycin), nervous system (Vincristine) or kidneys should be avoided as should lengthy delays in proceeding to autograft. Further, refining the transplant eligibility criteria for this subgroup of patients with co-existent amyloidopathy to include the number of organs involved and the degree of cardiac involvement (NYHA class, Troponins and NT-pro-BNP levels) along with melphalan dose-adjustment will minimize the treatment-related toxicity and mortality and possibly allow a reversal of the organ damage induced by the amyloidogenic light chain.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Systemic Immunoglobulin Light Chain Amyloidosis-Associated Myopathy: Presentation, Diagnostic Pitfalls, and Outcome.

              To characterize the natural history of immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis-associated myopathy and to provide guidelines for recognition.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                crps
                Case reports
                Case reports
                Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Sede Bogotá), Facultad de Medicina (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                2462-8522
                December 2018
                : 4
                : 2
                : 99-110
                Affiliations
                [1] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia orgdiv1Faculty of Medicine orgdiv2Department of Internal Medicine Colombia
                [3] Bogotá Arauca orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia
                [4] Bogotá Arauca orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia
                [2] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia orgdiv1Faculty of Medicine orgdiv2Department of Pathology Colombia
                Article
                S2462-85222018000200099
                10.15446/cr.v4n2.69047
                01dd8ffd-228a-44ba-8cc7-cffd3e1b6ab4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 November 2017
                : 26 July 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 20, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Case reports

                Amiloidosis,Mieloma múltiple,Miositis,Insuficiencia respiratoria,Amyloidosis,Multiple Myeloma,Myositis,Respiratory Insufficiency

                Comments

                Comment on this article