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      El papel del farmacéutico comunitario en la detección y disminución de los errores de medicación: revisión sistemática exploratoria Translated title: The role of the community pharmacist in detecting and decreasing medication errors: a scoping review

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          Abstract

          Resumen Introducción: Los errores de medicación se encuentran entre las 10 principales causas de muerte en el mundo y en su mayoría son prevenibles. Los servicios profesionales farmacéuticos asistenciales (SPFA) tratan de garantizar un uso más seguro, efectivo y eficiente de los medicamentos, y por ello los farmacéuticos comunitarios pueden contribuir a reducir errores de la medicación a nivel de atención primaria. Este trabajo pretender ofrecer un marco de evidencia sobre las iniciativas llevadas a cabo por farmacéuticos comunitarios, a nivel estatal, para identificar, reducir o eliminar los errores de medicación en los diferentes puntos de la cadena terapéutica y plantear una revisión, de los puntos críticos de la cadena terapéutica y clasificar los SPFA. Método: Revisión sistemática exploratoria de bases de datos internacionales y estatales para obtener estudios publicados sobre la intervención del farmacéutico en la detección, reducción o eliminación de los errores de medicación. Resultados: Se han recopilado 39 iniciativas que se han clasificado en 7 puntos críticos de la cadena terapéutica: (i) 7 en dispensación, (ii) 4 en validación o revisión del tratamiento, (iii) 3 en transición asistencial, (iv) 18 en monitorización del tratamiento, (v) 4 en educación a pacientes y (vi) 3 en indicación. Conclusiones: Los SPFA llevados a cabo a nivel estatal demuestran que sirven para identificar y resolver los errores de medicación y se plantea una nueva clasificación de los 7 puntos de la cadena terapéutica que se identifican como críticos para la farmacia comunitaria y que los relaciona con los SPFA que intervienen en cada uno de los puntos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Medication errors, mostly preventable, are among the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Community pharmacists provide professional pharmacy services (PPS) to ensure safer, more effective and efficient use of medications, being professionals who should be included in strategies to reduce medication errors at the primary care level. This work aims to offer an evidence framework on the initiatives carried out by community pharmacists, in Spain, to identify, reduce or eliminate medication errors at different points in the therapeutic chain and propose a classification of the critical points of the therapeutic chain to classify PPS. Method: Scoping review of international and national databases to obtain published studies where the community pharmacists provide an intervention to detect, reduce or eliminate of medication errors Results: 39 records have been compiled and have been classified in 7 critical points of the therapeutic chain: (i) 7 in dispensation, (ii) 4 in validation/review of the treatment, (iii) 3 in healthcare transition, (iv) 18 in treatment monitoring, (v) 4 in education to patients and (vi) 3 in minor ailments service. Conclusions: The PPS carried out at the state level demonstrate that they serve to identify and resolve medication errors and a new classification of the critical points of the therapeutic chain that exist in the community pharmacy is proposed, and it relates to the PPS that are involved in each point.

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          PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation

          Scoping reviews, a type of knowledge synthesis, follow a systematic approach to map evidence on a topic and identify main concepts, theories, sources, and knowledge gaps. Although more scoping reviews are being done, their methodological and reporting quality need improvement. This document presents the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist and explanation. The checklist was developed by a 24-member expert panel and 2 research leads following published guidance from the EQUATOR (Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research) Network. The final checklist contains 20 essential reporting items and 2 optional items. The authors provide a rationale and an example of good reporting for each item. The intent of the PRISMA-ScR is to help readers (including researchers, publishers, commissioners, policymakers, health care providers, guideline developers, and patients or consumers) develop a greater understanding of relevant terminology, core concepts, and key items to report for scoping reviews.
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            Medical error-the third leading cause of death in the US.

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              Paying pharmacists for patient care: A systematic review of remunerated pharmacy clinical care services.

              Expansion of scope of practice and diminishing revenues from dispensing are requiring pharmacists to increasingly adopt clinical care services into their practices. Pharmacists must be able to receive payment in order for provision of clinical care to be sustainable. The objective of this study is to update a previous systematic review by identifying remunerated pharmacist clinical care programs worldwide and reporting on uptake and patient care outcomes observed as a result.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ars
                Ars Pharmaceutica (Internet)
                Ars Pharm
                Universidad de Granada (Granada, Granada, Spain )
                2340-9894
                March 2021
                : 62
                : 1
                : 15-39
                Affiliations
                [2] Vitoria País Vasco orgnameUniversidad del País Vasco orgdiv1Facultad de Farmacia orgdiv2Departamento de Tecnología farmacéutica Spain
                [3] Granada Andalucía orgnameUniversidad de Granada orgdiv1Facultad de Farmacia orgdiv2Grupo de atención farmacéutica Spain
                [1] San Sebastián orgnameColegio Oficial de Farmacéuticos de Gipuzkoa España
                Article
                S2340-98942021000100015 S2340-9894(21)06200100015
                10.30827/ars.v62i1.15901
                01bad075-549e-49c9-be4f-f49ac585f735

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 September 2020
                : 24 September 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 83, Pages: 25
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Artículos Originales

                farmacia comunitaria,revisión sistemática exploratoria,errores de medicación,Servicios profesionales asistenciales farmacéuticos,scoping review,community pharmacy,medication error,Pharmaceutical services

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