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      Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (submit here)

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      Health care resource use and direct medical costs for patients with schizophrenia in Tianjin, People's Republic of China.

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          Abstract

          Information concerning the treatment costs of schizophrenia is scarce in People's Republic of China. The aims of this study were to quantify health care resource utilization and to estimate the direct medical costs for patients with schizophrenia in Tianjin, People's Republic of China.

          Most cited references42

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          The economic burden of schizophrenia in the United States in 2002.

          This study quantifies excess annual costs associated with schizophrenia patients in the United States in 2002 from a societal perspective. Annual direct medical costs associated with schizophrenia were estimated separately for privately (N = 1090) and publicly (Medicaid; N = 14,074) insured patients based on administrative claims data, including a large private claims database and the California Medicaid program (MediCal) database, and compared separately to demographically/geographically matched control samples (1 case:3 controls). Medicare costs of patients over age 65 years were imputed using the Medicare/MediCal dual-eligible patients (N = 1491) and published statistics. Excess annual direct non-health care costs were estimated for law enforcement, homeless shelters, and research/training related to schizophrenia. Excess annual indirect costs were estimated for 4 components of productivity loss: unemployment, reduced workplace productivity, premature mortality from suicide, and family caregiving using a human capital approach based on market wages. All costs were adjusted to 2002 dollars using the Medical Care Consumer Price Index and were based on the reported prevalence in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. The overall U.S. 2002 cost of schizophrenia was estimated to be $62.7 billion, with $22.7 billion excess direct health care cost ($7.0 billion outpatient, $5.0 billion drugs, $2.8 billion inpatient, $8.0 billion long-term care). The total direct non-health care excess costs, including living cost offsets, were estimated to be $7.6 billion. The total indirect excess costs were estimated to be $32.4 billion. Schizophrenia is a debilitating illness resulting in significant costs. The indirect excess cost due to unemployment is the largest component of overall schizophrenia excess annual costs.
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            Prevalence of psychiatric disorder in the general population: results of The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS).

            This article reports the initial results of a prospective study on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the Dutch population aged 18-64. The objectives and the design of the study are described elsewhere in this issue. A total of 7076 people were interviewed in person in 1996. The presence of the following disorders was determined by means of the CIDI: mood disorders, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, schizophrenia and other non-affective psychoses, and substance use disorders. Psychiatric disorders were found to be quite common. Some 41.2% of the adult population under 65 had experienced at least one DSM-III-R disorder in their lifetime, among them 23.3% within the preceding year. No gender differences were found in overall morbidity. Depression, anxiety, and alcohol abuse and dependence were most prevalent, and there was a high degree of comorbidity between them. The prevalence rate encountered for schizophrenia was lower (0.4% lifetime) than generally presumed. A comparison with findings from other countries is made. Relevant determinants of psychiatric morbidity were analysed.
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              Schizophrenia.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat
                Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment
                Informa UK Limited
                1176-6328
                1176-6328
                2015
                : 11
                Affiliations
                [1 ] School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
                [2 ] Lilly Suzhou Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
                [3 ] Eli Lilly and Company, Sydney, Australia.
                [4 ] Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
                Article
                ndt-11-983
                10.2147/NDT.S76231
                4397925
                25897235
                83b5485c-74b5-4771-a206-480e1caa3a63
                History

                People’s Republic of China,direct medical costs,health care resource use,schizophrenia

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