For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
26
views
211
references
 Top references
cited by
83
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      983
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found

      Keep off the grass? Cannabis, cognition and addiction.

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPubMed
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          In an increasing number of states and countries, cannabis now stands poised to join alcohol and tobacco as a legal drug. Quantifying the relative adverse and beneficial effects of cannabis and its constituent cannabinoids should therefore be prioritized. Whereas newspaper headlines have focused on links between cannabis and psychosis, less attention has been paid to the much more common problem of cannabis addiction. Certain cognitive changes have also been attributed to cannabis use, although their causality and longevity are fiercely debated. Identifying why some individuals are more vulnerable than others to the adverse effects of cannabis is now of paramount importance to public health. Here, we review the current state of knowledge about such vulnerability factors, the variations in types of cannabis, and the relationship between these and cognition and addiction.

          Related collections

          Most cited references211

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: not found
          • Book: not found

          Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

          American Psychiatric Association (2013)
          Book 0 comments Cited 8215 times – based on 0 reviews
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex in addiction: neuroimaging findings and clinical implications.

            Rita Goldstein, Nora D. Volkow (2011)
            The loss of control over drug intake that occurs in addiction was initially believed to result from disruption of subcortical reward circuits. However, imaging studies in addictive behaviours have identified a key involvement of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) both through its regulation of limbic reward regions and its involvement in higher-order executive function (for example, self-control, salience attribution and awareness). This Review focuses on functional neuroimaging studies conducted in the past decade that have expanded our understanding of the involvement of the PFC in drug addiction. Disruption of the PFC in addiction underlies not only compulsive drug taking but also accounts for the disadvantageous behaviours that are associated with addiction and the erosion of free will.
            Article 0 comments Cited 755 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Neurocircuitry of addiction.

              George F Koob, Nora D. Volkow (2010)
              Drug addiction is a chronically relapsing disorder that has been characterized by (1) compulsion to seek and take the drug, (2) loss of control in limiting intake, and (3) emergence of a negative emotional state (eg, dysphoria, anxiety, irritability) reflecting a motivational withdrawal syndrome when access to the drug is prevented. Drug addiction has been conceptualized as a disorder that involves elements of both impulsivity and compulsivity that yield a composite addiction cycle composed of three stages: 'binge/intoxication', 'withdrawal/negative affect', and 'preoccupation/anticipation' (craving). Animal and human imaging studies have revealed discrete circuits that mediate the three stages of the addiction cycle with key elements of the ventral tegmental area and ventral striatum as a focal point for the binge/intoxication stage, a key role for the extended amygdala in the withdrawal/negative affect stage, and a key role in the preoccupation/anticipation stage for a widely distributed network involving the orbitofrontal cortex-dorsal striatum, prefrontal cortex, basolateral amygdala, hippocampus, and insula involved in craving and the cingulate gyrus, dorsolateral prefrontal, and inferior frontal cortices in disrupted inhibitory control. The transition to addiction involves neuroplasticity in all of these structures that may begin with changes in the mesolimbic dopamine system and a cascade of neuroadaptations from the ventral striatum to dorsal striatum and orbitofrontal cortex and eventually dysregulation of the prefrontal cortex, cingulate gyrus, and extended amygdala. The delineation of the neurocircuitry of the evolving stages of the addiction syndrome forms a heuristic basis for the search for the molecular, genetic, and neuropharmacological neuroadaptations that are key to vulnerability for developing and maintaining addiction.
              Article 0 comments Cited 556 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Nat. Rev. Neurosci.
                Title: Nature reviews. Neuroscience
                ISSN (Electronic): 1471-0048
                ISSN (Print): 1471-003X
                Publication date (Electronic): May 2016
                Volume: 17
                Issue: 5
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
                [2 ] Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
                [3 ] Psychopharmacology and Addiction Research Centre, University of Exeter, Perry Road, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK.
                [4 ] The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, SP30-2001, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: nrn.2016.28
                DOI: 10.1038/nrn.2016.28
                PubMed ID: 27052382
                SO-VID: 634000ea-34e4-4416-a341-b5b088ad89c1
                History

                Data availability:

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content983

                See all similar

                Cited by137

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors2,430

                See all reference authors