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      Call for Papers: Extracellular Vesicles: Broadening Horizons in Neurodegenerative Diseases

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      The diagnosis of dementia: diagnostic accuracy of an instrument measuring activities of daily living in a clinic-based population.

      Author(s): 1 ,
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
      Publisher: S. Karger AG

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          Abstract

          Since widely accepted definitions of dementia encompass impairments in social and occupational, as well as cognitive, function, we investigated the diagnostic accuracy of Lawton and Brody's Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) Scale as an independent test for the diagnosis of dementia.

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          Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative

          P Bossuyt (2003)
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            Impairment of activities of daily living requiring memory or complex reasoning as part of the MCI syndrome.

            Robert Perneczky, Corina Pohl, Christian Sorg … (2006)
            Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a borderline state between age-associated cognitive decline and mild dementia. MCI is separated from mild dementia by an absence of global intellectual deterioration and the preservation of activities of daily living (ADL). However, even mild degrees of cognitive deterioration are known to have negative effects on complex ADL. To examine whether patients with MCI have impaired ADL as compared to healthy controls, which areas of ADL are particularly involved, and whether limitations on ADL are associated with demographical or clinical data. Forty-eight patients with MCI diagnosed according to research criteria and 42 cognitively unimpaired controls were enrolled. Cognitive function was inter alia assessed by the MMSE, complex ADL by the ADCS-MCI-ADL scale. Frequency distributions were compared between patients and controls using chi-square tests. Mean values were examined for statistically significant differences using Kruskal-Wallis tests. A Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was applied to the comparison of the 18 areas of the ADCS-MCI-ADL scale. Associations between ADL and biographical or clinical data were analysed using non-parametric correlations. The overall score on the ADCS-MCI-ADL scale was significantly lower in the MCI group. Patients performed significantly worse on 14 out of 18 activities. Activities involving memory or complex reasoning were particularly impaired, whereas more basic activities were unimpaired. There were no statistically significant associations of the ADCS-MCI-ADL overall score with age, years of formal education, gender, or number of cognitive domains affected in the group of MCI patients. However, there was a statistically significant association between the ADCS-MCI-ADL and the MMSE score. MCI patients may be impaired in complex ADL. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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              The STARD Statement for Reporting Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy: Explanation and Elaboration

              Patrick Bossuyt, Johannes Reitsma, David E. Bruns … (2003)
              The quality of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy is less than optimal. Complete and accurate reporting is necessary to enable readers to assess the potential for bias in the study and to evaluate the generalisability of the results. A group of scientists and editors has developed the STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy) statement to improve the reporting the quality of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy. The statement consists of a checklist of 25 items and flow diagram that authors can use to ensure that all relevant information is present. This explanatory document aims to facilitate the use, understanding and dissemination of the checklist. The document contains a clarification of the meaning, rationale and optimal use of each item on the checklist, as well as a short summary of the available evidence on bias and applicability. The STARD statement, checklist, flowchart and this explanation and elaboration document should be useful resources to improve reporting of diagnostic accuracy studies. Complete and informative reporting can only lead to better decisions in healthcare.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord
                Title: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
                Publisher: S. Karger AG
                ISSN: 1420-8008
                ISSN (Print): 1420-8008
                Publication date (Electronic): 2007
                Volume: 23
                Issue: 3
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Memory Clinic, 5 Borough Partnership NHS Trust, Brooker Centre, Halton Hospital, Runcorn, UK.
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: 000097994
                DOI: 10.1159/000097994
                PubMed ID: 17170525
                SO-VID: 8e065e9f-7ff8-4047-9240-9b037f2f8aaa
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