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      Estresse salino em duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar: enzimas do sistema antioxidativo e fluorescência da clorofila Translated title: Salinity stress in two varieties of sugar cane: enzymes of the antioxidant system and chlorophyll fluorescence

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          Abstract

          O Brasil destaca-se por ser o maior produtor de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.) e por dominar todos os estágios da tecnologia de produção de açúcar e etanol. Atualmente se observa a expansão dessa cultura para a região semiárida brasileira, a qual apresenta solos propensos à salinização. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a resposta à salinidade de duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar. O ensaio foi implantado em casa de vegetação, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 8 com cinco repetições, correspondendo a duas variedades de cana-de-açúcar (RB867515 e RB863129) e oito níveis de NaCl (0; 25; 50; 75; 100; 125; 150; 200 mM de NaCl). A salinidade induziu aumento na fluorescência e diminuição na concentração de clorofila em ambas as variedades. A redução da clorofila, entretanto, foi maior na variedade RB867515. Observou-se, nesta mesma variedade, aumento da atividade da peroxidase do ascorbato (APX) e da catalase (CAT), enquanto na variedade RB863129 ocorreu redução na atividade dessas enzimas. Esses resultados indicam que a variedade RB867515 apresenta um mecanismo mais eficiente na proteção da planta contra danos no aparato fotoquímico e contra a ação de espécies reativas de oxigênio, em particular o H2O2.

          Translated abstract

          Brazil is seen as being the largest producer of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) and of mastering all stages in the production of sugar and ethanol. Currently this production is being expanded into the semi-arid regions of Brazil, where there are soil-types prone to salinity. This study aimed to evaluate the response to salinity in two sugarcane genotypes, RB867515 and RB863129. Salinity caused an increase in chlorophyll fluorescence and a reduction of chlorophyll concentration in both varieties. The reduction of chlorophyll however was higher in RB867515. In this same type, an increase in the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) was observed, while in genotype RB863129 there was a reduction in the activity of these two enzymes. These results show that RB867515 has a mechanism which better protects the plant against damage to the photochemical system and the action of reactive oxygen species, particularly H2O2.

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          Most cited references24

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          COPPER ENZYMES IN ISOLATED CHLOROPLASTS. POLYPHENOLOXIDASE IN BETA VULGARIS

          D ARNON (1949)
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            Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance.

            Traditionally, reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) were considered to be toxic by-products of aerobic metabolism, which were disposed of using antioxidants. However, in recent years, it has become apparent that plants actively produce ROIs as signaling molecules to control processes such as programmed cell death, abiotic stress responses, pathogen defense and systemic signaling. Recent advances including microarray studies and the development of mutants with altered ROI-scavenging mechanisms provide new insights into how the steady-state level of ROIs are controlled in cells. In addition, key steps of the signal transduction pathway that senses ROIs in plants have been identified. These raise several intriguing questions about the relationships between ROI signaling, ROI stress and the production and scavenging of ROIs in the different cellular compartments.
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              Catalase, Peroxidase, and Polyphenoloxidase Activities during Rice Leaf Senescence.

              The activities of catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase were studied in attached and detached rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Ratna) leaves. Catalase activity decreased while peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activities increased during senescence of both attached and detached rice leaves. Kinetic (5 mum) and benzimidazole (1 mm), which are known to delay the senescence of detached rice leaves, retarded the decrease of catalase activity during detached leaf senescence. On the other hand, these chemicals accelerated the increase of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activities over the water control. Total phenolics accumulated in detached and darkened rice leaves, but in attached leaf senescence in light no accumulation of phenolics was observed.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rca
                Revista Ciência Agronômica
                Rev. Ciênc. Agron.
                Universidade Federal do Ceará (Fortaleza, CE, Brazil )
                0045-6888
                1806-6690
                June 2011
                : 42
                : 2
                : 417-422
                Affiliations
                [02] Recife PE orgnameUFRPE Brasil
                [05] Recife PE orgnameUFRPE orgdiv1Departamento de Química Brasil
                [03] Recife PE orgnameUFRPE Brasil
                [04] Recife PE orgnameUFRPE orgdiv1Departamento de Física Brasil
                [01] Recife PE orgnameUFRPE orgdiv1Departamento de Biologia Brasil lilia@ 123456pq.cnpq.br
                Article
                S1806-66902011000200022 S1806-6690(11)04200222
                23fc8494-0874-46f6-8820-847e842a4da3

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 31 January 2011
                : 31 August 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Fitotecnia

                Saccharum officinarum,Peroxidase,Catalase,Fluorescência da clorofila,Chlorophyll fluorescence

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