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      Evaluación de resultados de la osteotomía en cuña cerrada de Coventry para corregir el genus valgum Translated title: Results of Coventry closing wedge osteotomy in the correction of genu valgum

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          Abstract

          Fundamento: los pacientes con deformidad en genus valgum asociada o no a osteoartritis unicompartimental lateral, son candidatos para una osteotomía varizante del fémur distal. Objetivo: evaluar los resultados con la osteotomía en cuña cerrada del fémur distal para el genus valgum. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo a un grupo de pacientes con el diagnóstico de genus valgum, operados con la osteotomía de Coventry MB en el Hospital Militar Universitario Octavio de la Concepción y de la Pedraja de Camagüey, desde enero de 2009 hasta diciembre de 2013 y el tiempo promedio de seguimiento de los pacientes fue de 26 meses. El universo lo conformaron 39 pacientes con el diagnóstico de genus valgum operados con la técnica de Coventry MB. La muestra no probabilística la conformaron 36 pacientes. Las variables de estudio fueron edad, sexo, tiempo de consolidación, las complicaciones, el ángulo femorotibial y la evaluación según escala evaluativa para la rodilla. Resultados: predominó el grupo de edades entre 51 y 60 años para un 50 %; el sexo más afectado fue el femenino con un 58,3 %; el tiempo de consolidación fue de 14 a 24 semanas en el 66,6 %; al finalizar el trabajo se logró un ángulo tibiofemoral promedio de 4,5 grados de valgo y la escala para la rodilla mejoró 33 puntos; los resultados de la osteotomía en cuña cerrada fueron excelentes en el 97,2 % del total de pacientes operados. Conclusiones: la osteotomía de Coventry MB demostró ser excelente para corregir el genus valgum.

          Translated abstract

          Background: patients with genu valgum associated or not to lateral unicompartmental osteoarthritis are candidates for distal femoral varus osteotomy. Objective: to evaluate the results of distal femoral Coventry closing wedge osteotomy in the correction of genu valgum. Methods: a descriptive, prospective study was conducted in a group of patients with the diagnosis of genu valgum who underwent a Coventry osteotomy in Octavio de la Concepción y de la Pedraja Teaching Military Hospital, Camagüey from January 2009 to December 2013. The average time of monitoring of the patients was 26 months. The universe was composed of 39 patients with the diagnosis of genu valgum who underwent a Coventry osteotomy. The sample consisted of 36 patients. The variables of the study were the following: age, sex, knitting time, complications, femorotibial angle and the evaluation according to the evaluative scale for the knee. Results: the age group 51-60 years old predominated for a 50 %. Female was the most affected sex for a 58, 3 %. The knitting time was from 14 to 24 weeks in the 66, 6 % of the patients. At the end of the treatment, an average femorotibial angle of 4, 5 degrees was achieved and the scale for the knee improved on 33 points. The results of closing wedge osteotomy were excellent in the 97, 2 % of the patients who underwent the operation.

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          Most cited references23

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          Varus and valgus alignment and incident and progressive knee osteoarthritis.

          Varus and valgus alignment increase medial and lateral tibiofemoral load. Alignment was associated with tibiofemoral osteoarthritis progression in previous studies; an effect on incident osteoarthritis risk is less certain. This study tested whether alignment influences the risk of incident and progressive radiographic tibiofemoral osteoarthritis. In an observational, longitudinal study of the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study cohort, full-limb x-rays to measure alignment were acquired at baseline and knee x-rays were acquired at baseline and knee x-rays at baseline and 30 months. Varus alignment was defined as ≤178° and valgus ≥182°. Using logistic regression and generalised estimating equations, the associations of baseline alignment and incident osteoarthritis at 30 months (in knees without baseline osteoarthritis) and alignment and osteoarthritis progression (in knees with osteoarthritis) were examined, adjusting. For age, gender, body mass index, injury, laxity and strength, with neutral knees as referent. 2958 knees (1752 participants) were without osteoarthritis at baseline. Varus (adjusted OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.10) but not valgus alignment was associated with incident osteoarthritis. 1307 knees (950 participants) had osteoarthritis at baseline. Varus alignment was associated with a greater risk of medial osteoarthritis progression (adjusted OR 3.59, 95% CI 2.62 to 4.92) and a reduced risk of lateral progression, and valgus with a greater risk of lateral progression (adjusted OR 4.85, 95% CI 3.17 to 7.42) and a reduced risk of medial progression. Varus but not valgus alignment increased the risk of incident tibiofemoral osteoarthritis. In knees with osteoarthritis, varus and valgus alignment each increased the risk of progression in the biomechanically stressed compartment.
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            Functional and radiographic consideration of lower limb malalignment in children and adolescents with idiopathic genu valgum.

            Three-dimensional gait analysis is capable of assessing dynamic load characteristics and the resulting compensatory effects of lower limb malalignment, which are generally not reflected in static imaging. This study determined differences in gait parameters in the frontal and transverse plane between patients and controls in order to identify compensatory mechanisms, and to correlate radiographic measurements and gait parameters in a consecutive series of children with idiopathic genu valgum. Thirty-three patients (mean age 12.3 years) were retrospectively reviewed and compared to a healthy control group. Children with genu valgum demonstrated significantly decreased internal knee valgus moments, shifting into varus moments. Furthermore, significantly different transverse plane gait patterns (decreased external knee rotation, increased external hip rotation) were observed. These patterns showed a relevant influence on the frontal knee moments, with knee rotation and foot progression angle showing the highest predictive value for changes and possible compensation of frontal knee moments. The correlation between commonly used radiographic measurements (i.e., mechanical axis deviation) and findings of the gait analysis was only low. Besides showing decreased internal knee valgus moments, our results suggest that considerable compensatory gait mechanisms may be present in children with idiopathic genu valgum to reduce joint loading.
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              [Medial closing wedge osteotomy for correction of genu valgum and torsional malalignment].

              Femoral medial closing wedge osteotomy for the correction of valgus malalignment to unload the cartilage in the lateral compartment and/or correction of symptomatic torsional malalignment.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                amc
                Revista Archivo Médico de Camagüey
                AMC
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas Camagüey (Camagüey )
                1025-0255
                August 2015
                : 19
                : 4
                : 341-347
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Hospital Militar Universitario Octavio de la Concepción y de la Pedraja Cuba
                [2 ] Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech Cuba
                Article
                S1025-02552015000400005
                407fd741-16cf-41ee-a00c-15dd98625ce6

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Cuba

                Self URI (journal page): http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1025-0255&lng=en
                Categories
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

                Internal medicine
                OSTEOTOMY,GENU VALGUM,CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES,ADULT,EPIDEMIOLOGY, DESCRIPTIVE,OSTEOTOMÍA,ANOMALÍAS CONGÉNITAS,ADULTO,EPIDEMIOLOGÍA DESCRIPTIVA

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