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      Teaching blind women about the anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system through educational manual Translated title: Aprendizado de cegas sobre anatomia e fisiologia do sistema reprodutor feminino mediante manual educativo

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          Abstract

          Abstract Objectives: to evaluate blind women’s learning on the anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system through the use of an educational material. Methods: methodological development study performed with blind women. The participants responded the pre-test to evaluate their knowledge on sexual and reproductive health and received a manual on anatomy and the reproduction of the physiology After an individual reading, in a period ranging from three to fifteen days, they responded the post-test. Results: there was an increase of correct answers in the post-test in all the items in relation to the categories of The Woman's Body and How One Gets Pregnant becoming significant in the following knowledge of “clitoris increases with the woman excited" (p=0.009), “the function of the vagina in a sexual intercourse "(p<0.001), “How does fertilization occurs”(p<0.001) and "the ovulating period" (p<0.001). Conclusions: the manual enabled the participants to learn about the female anatomy and the physiology of fertilization after educational assistive technology.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Objetivos: avaliar o aprendizado de cegas sobre anatomia e fisiologia do sistema reprodutor feminino mediante o uso de manual educativo. Métodos: estudo de desenvolvimento metodológico, realizado com mulheres cegas. As participantes responderam o pré-teste para avaliação do conhecimento sobre saúde sexual e reprodutiva, e receberam o manual sobre anatomia e fisiologia da reprodução. Após leitura individual, em prazo que variou entre três e quinze dias, responderam o pós-teste. Resultados: houve aumento de respostas corretas no pós-teste em todos os itens com relação às categorias O Corpo da Mulher e Como se Engravida, sendo significativo os seguintes conhecimentos “clitóris aumenta com a mulher excitada” (p=0,009), “função da vagina na relação sexual” (p<0,001), “como ocorre a fecundação” (p<0,001) e “período da ovulação” (p<0,001). Conclusões: o manual permitiu aprendizado das participantes quanto à anatomia feminina e à fisiologia da fecundação após utilização da tecnologia educativa assistiva.

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          Mulheres com deficiência e sua dupla vulnerabilidade: contribuições para a construção da integralidade em saúde

          Mulheres com deficiência contam com ações inexpressivas nos serviços de atenção básica em saúde, que embora historicamente privilegiem a clientela feminina, pouco reconhecem os aspectos relativos aos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos e à dupla vulnerabilidade que as acometem por serem mulheres e portarem deficiências. Este estudo é parte de uma pesquisa qualitativa que objetiva identificar dimensões individuais, sociais e programáticas da dupla vulnerabilidade de quinze mulheres com diferentes tipos e graus de deficiência, usuárias de três serviços de atenção básica em saúde na cidade de São Paulo. Destacam-se em suas narrativas vivências de rejeição ou superproteção familiar, dificuldades em adquirir equipamentos para sua autonomia, pouco investimento no estudo e na qualificação profissional, menor participação social, obstáculos à vivencia da sexualidade e da maternidade, falta de acessibilidade física, comunicacional e atitudes pouco receptivas nos serviços de saúde, caracterizando total vulnerabilidade. Problematizá-la possibilita a construção de práticas integrais de saúde que incorporem a dimensão dos direitos humanos de grupos que historicamente experimentam a violação dos mesmos: mulheres e pessoas com deficiência.
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            The person in the disabled body: a perspective on culture and personhood from the margins

            Background Persons with disabilities (PWD) are one of the most marginalized groups in Western societies. These inequalities are manifested through various disadvantages in the psychosocial, cultural, and economic domains. Inspired by the World Health Organization's holistic conceptualization of disability, the present study examines the relation between the body and personhood in Israeli culture, through cases of newly diagnosed adults with disability. Method Participant observation at a rehabilitation daycare center was carried out for a period of two years. The analysis is based on field notes recorded during these observations, including interviews with individuals with disabilities, their family members, and service providers. Results The analysis reveals the agonizing experience of individuals who have become disabled in adulthood, who undergo symbolic diminution and social exclusion after their former acceptance as whole and normative persons. This ongoing multifaceted process includes infantilization, denial of their sexuality/sensuality, transgression of gender boundaries, and their construction as categorically different from the "healthy" people around them. At the same time, the analysis also demonstrates the ways in which daily routine at the daycare center also complicates the normative healthy-disabled binary, indicating a continuum on which attendees may attempt to reposition themselves. Conclusions This paper aims to make a dual contribution. We draw on anthropological understandings of“person” as a holistic category to resurrect the personhood of individuals with disabilities, as a correction tothe overwhelming tendency to reduce their humanity to their physical injury. We likewise reverse theanalytical gaze by using these individuals' experiences to understand the normative, culture-bound perception of “healthy” persons. We thus highlight Israeli culture's conditioning of normative personhood on having a perfect body, and its concomitant construction of individuals with physical disabilities as lesser persons. By opting to bring back the person into the disabled body, we aim to facilitate a less stigmatized outlook on disability and to create an opportunity for caregivers, researchers, and healthcare professionals to view disabled persons as whole and complex human beings.
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              How Zulu-speaking youth with physical and visual disabilities understand love and relationships in constructing their sexual identities.

              Popular socio-medical discourses surrounding the sexuality of disabled people have tended to subjugate young people with disabilities as de-gendered and asexual. As a result, very little attention has been given to how young people with disabilities in the African context construct their sexual identities. Based on findings from a participatory research study conducted amongst Zulu-speaking youth with physical and visual disabilities in KwaZulu-Natal, this paper argues that young people with disabilities are similar to other non-disabled youth in the way they construct their sexual identities. Using a post-structural framework, it outlines how the young participants construct discursive truths surrounding disability, culture and gender through their discussions of love and relationships. In this context, it is argued that the sexual identities' of young people with physical and visual disabilities actually emerges within the intersectionality of identity discourses.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbsmi
                Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil
                Rev. Bras. Saude Mater. Infant.
                Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (Recife, PR, Brazil )
                1519-3829
                1806-9304
                December 2018
                : 18
                : 4
                : 755-761
                Affiliations
                [1] Fortaleza Ceará orgnameUniversidade Federal do Ceará orgdiv1Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem orgdiv2Departamento de Enfermagem Brazil marianagdoliveira@ 123456hotmail.com
                [3] Fortaleza Ceará orgnameUniversidade Estadual do Ceará Brazil
                [4] Boston orgnameUniversity of Massachusetts orgdiv1College of Nursing and Health Sciences United States
                [2] Fortaleza Ceará orgnameUniversidade Federal do Ceará Brazil
                Article
                S1519-38292018000400755
                10.1590/1806-93042018000400005
                df58efb2-2451-4d41-9220-7e7f45fd4724

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 04 April 2018
                : 20 September 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 22, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Original Articles

                Equipamentos de autoajuda,Self-help devices,Sexuality,Visually impaired,Cuidados de enfermagem,Educação em enfermagem,Sexualidade,Pessoas com deficiência visual,Nursing education,Nursing care

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