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      Perfil neuropsicológico en pacientes con ACV isquémico de la arteria cerebral media izquierda Translated title: Neuropsychological profile in patients with ischemic stroke of the left middle cerebral artery

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          Abstract

          Introducción: el ACV produce alteraciones neuropsicológicas con trastorno de la atención, la orientación, la memoria y la praxis. Objetivo: determinar el perfil neuropsicológico en pacientes con ataque cerebrovascular (ACV) isquémico de la arteria cerebral media izquierda (ACM). Materiales y métodos: se realizó un análisis descriptivo sobre las evaluaciones neuropsicológicas transversales en 4 pacientes, con diagnóstico de ACV isquémico de la ACM izquierda. Se realizó un análisis sobre la base de un procedimiento clínico y no psicométrico, tomando como punto de referencia los ítems de la prueba de Barcelona. Resultados: se encontró que las funciones neuropsicológicas más afectadas fueron: lenguaje espontáneo, prosodia, contenidos informativos, lenguaje automático, lectura en voz alta, comprensión lectora, mecánica de la escritura al dictado, escritura espontánea y velocidad de procesamiento. Las ejecuciones mejor preservadas fueron memoria de trabajo, praxias orofonatorias e ideatorias, repetición, denominación y atención sostenida. Conclusiones: los pacientes con ACV isquémico de la arteria cerebral media izquierda evaluados, presentaron déficits en lenguaje espontáneo, velocidad de procesamiento, gnosias, memoria y atención, y las funciones mejor preservadas fueron memoria de trabajos, denominación y praxias.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction: the stroke can cause neuropsychological signs, specially in memory attention, orientation and praxis. Objetive. To determine the neuropsychological profile in patients with ischemic stroke of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA). Materials and methods . It was developed a descriptive analysis based on transversal neuropsychological assessments in 4 patients, diagnosed with ischemic stroke of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA). The analysis was performed on the basis of a clinical procedure but not psychometrical, taking as a mark of reference the scales of the Barcelona test. Results. It was found that the most affected neuropsychological functions are spontaneous language, prosody, the fluency and informative contents, automatic language, verbal iteration, loud-voice reading, reading comprehension, mechanical understanding of writing, dictation, spontaneous writing and processing speed. The well preserved executions were digits, oral-phonetic praxis, iteration of semantic error, verb-verbal nomination, objects use mimic, imitation of postures, visual-graphical attention, colors, verbal abstraction, and attention. Conclusions: Patients with stroke of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) evaluated had alterations in language, speed of processing, gnosias, memory, orientation and attention, and they have well preserved skills related with use of digits, designation and praxes.

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          Most cited references43

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          Cognitive impairment after stroke: frequency, patterns, and relationship to functional abilities.

          Cognitive function was examined in 227 patients three months after admission to hospital for ischaemic stroke, and in 240 stroke-free controls, using 17 scored items that assessed memory, orientation, verbal skills, visuospatial ability, abstract reasoning, and attentional skills. After adjusting for demographic factors with standardised residual scores in all subjects, the fifth percentile was used for controls as the criterion for failure on each item. The mean (SD) number of failed items was 3.4 (3.6) for patients with stroke and 0.8 (1.3) for controls (p 40). It is concluded that cognitive impairment occurs frequently after stroke, commonly involving memory, orientation, language, and attention. The presence of cognitive impairment in patients with strike has important functional consequences, independent of the effects of physical impairment. Studies of stroke outcome and intervention should take into account both cognitive and physical impairments.
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            Impact of motor, cognitive, and perceptual disorders on ability to perform activities of daily living after stroke.

            Using confirmatory factor analysis, this study evaluates the relative impact of motor, cognitive, and perceptual deficits on functional autonomy with 100 elderly (aged 55 to 79 years) victims of stroke. Two different approaches were used for measuring functional autonomy: the Functional Autonomy Measurement System (Système de Mesure de l'Autonomie Fonctionnelle [SMAF]) and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis show that motor, cognitive, and perceptual factors all make a significant contribution to the variation in functional autonomy and confirm the accuracy of the model (93% of the variance is explained when the SMAF is used to measure functional autonomy, and 64% of the variance is explained when the AMPS is used). The factors that make the greatest contribution in explaining the variance in functional autonomy are, in order of importance, the motor factor, the perceptual factor, and the cognitive factor.
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              Introducción a la neuropsicología

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                anco
                Acta Neurológica Colombiana
                Acta Neurol Colomb.
                Asociación Colombiana de Neurología (Bogotá )
                0120-8748
                January 2013
                : 29
                : 1
                : 36-43
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Instituto del Sistema Nervioso del Oriente ISNOR
                [2 ] Departamento de Neurociencias
                [3 ] Universidad de San Buenaventura Colombia
                Article
                S0120-87482013000100005
                48af92f3-f93d-48e8-a821-835d22f5cac9

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0120-8748&lng=en
                Categories
                MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

                Internal medicine
                Stroke,Middle cerebral artery,Cerebral Hemispheres,Neuropsychological Test (MeSH),Accidente cerebrovascular,Arteria Cerebral Media,Hemisferios Cerebrales,Pruebas Neuropsicológicas

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