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      Aporte de pacientes psiquiátricos simulados al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje: percepción de estudiantes de enfermería Translated title: Contribution of psychiatric simulated patients to the teaching-learning processes: nursing student perceptions

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          Abstract

          El objetivo fue describir el aporte de los pacientes psiquiátricos simulados al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de estudiantes de pregrado de Enfermería. Método: los datos se recolectaron con un instrumento de autoreporte. Se hizo análisis cualitativo de contenido temático de las respuestas. Resultados: muestra 157 estudiantes, 71,3% reportó que su uso mejoró sus habilidades clínicas y 80% que les preparó mejor para la experiencia clínica. El análisis da cuenta que esta metodología permite la integración de contenidos teóricos, disminuye la ansiedad de los estudiantes previa al primer contacto con personas con enfermedades mentales y mejora las habilidad en la ejecución del cuidado de Enfermería. Conclusión: el uso de pacientes simulados es una metodología exitosa, que facilita la transición desde el aula a la experiencia clínica y brinda a los alumnos la posibilidad de adquirir conocimientos y desarrollar habilidades clínicas de Enfermería.

          Translated abstract

          The aim was to describe the contribution of the simulated psychiatric patients in the teaching and learning of undergraduate nursing students. Method: Data were collected by a self-report instrument. Qualitative content analysis of responses made. Results: sample 157 students, 71.3% reported improved use their clinical skills and 80% that they better prepared for clinical experience. The analysis shows that this methodology allows the integration of theoretical content, reduces anxiety and improves students ability to perform care. Conclusion: The use of simulated patients is a successful methodology that facilitates the transition from the classroom to clinical experience and provides students the opportunity to acquire knowledge and develop clinical nursing skills.

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          Most cited references19

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          Technology-enhanced simulation for health professions education: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

          Although technology-enhanced simulation has widespread appeal, its effectiveness remains uncertain. A comprehensive synthesis of evidence may inform the use of simulation in health professions education. To summarize the outcomes of technology-enhanced simulation training for health professions learners in comparison with no intervention. Systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, ERIC, PsychINFO, Scopus, key journals, and previous review bibliographies through May 2011. Original research in any language evaluating simulation compared with no intervention for training practicing and student physicians, nurses, dentists, and other health care professionals. Reviewers working in duplicate evaluated quality and abstracted information on learners, instructional design (curricular integration, distributing training over multiple days, feedback, mastery learning, and repetitive practice), and outcomes. We coded skills (performance in a test setting) separately for time, process, and product measures, and similarly classified patient care behaviors. From a pool of 10,903 articles, we identified 609 eligible studies enrolling 35,226 trainees. Of these, 137 were randomized studies, 67 were nonrandomized studies with 2 or more groups, and 405 used a single-group pretest-posttest design. We pooled effect sizes using random effects. Heterogeneity was large (I(2)>50%) in all main analyses. In comparison with no intervention, pooled effect sizes were 1.20 (95% CI, 1.04-1.35) for knowledge outcomes (n = 118 studies), 1.14 (95% CI, 1.03-1.25) for time skills (n = 210), 1.09 (95% CI, 1.03-1.16) for process skills (n = 426), 1.18 (95% CI, 0.98-1.37) for product skills (n = 54), 0.79 (95% CI, 0.47-1.10) for time behaviors (n = 20), 0.81 (95% CI, 0.66-0.96) for other behaviors (n = 50), and 0.50 (95% CI, 0.34-0.66) for direct effects on patients (n = 32). Subgroup analyses revealed no consistent statistically significant interactions between simulation training and instructional design features or study quality. In comparison with no intervention, technology-enhanced simulation training in health professions education is consistently associated with large effects for outcomes of knowledge, skills, and behaviors and moderate effects for patient-related outcomes.
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            Simulación en educación médica: una sinopsis

            Clinical simulation is defined as a technique (not a technology) to replace or amplify real experiences with guided experiences that evoke or replicate substantial aspects of the real world in a fully interactive fashion. Over the past few years, there has been a significant growth in its use, both as a learning tool and as an assessment for accreditation. Example of this is the fact that simulation is an integral part of medical education curricula abroad. Some authors have cited it as an unavoidable necessity or as an ethical imperative. In Chile, its formal inclusion in Medical Schools' curricula has just begun. This review is an overview of this important educational tool, presenting the evidence about its usefulness in medical education and describing its current situation in Chile.
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              Autoeficacia percibida en conductas académicas: diferencias entre hombres y mujeres

              El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en comparar los perfiles de autoeficacia académica percibida de hombres y mujeres universitarios. La muestra total fue de 2 089 sujetos; 902 mujeres y 1 187 hombres, estudiantes de primer ingreso a las licenciaturas que se ofrecen en la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, con una edad promedio de 18.23 años (DE= 0.74). El abordaje adoptado en la investigación se enmarcó dentro de un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño descriptivo tipo encuesta. Las diferencias encontradas entre hombres y mujeres con respecto a su percepción de autoeficacia sugieren que al diseñar cualquier tipo de intervención que tenga como objetivo la mejora de la autoeficacia percibida habrá que tomar en cuenta la variable género. Futuras investigaciones deberían replicar estos hallazgos en muestras más amplias.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                index
                Index de Enfermería
                Index Enferm
                Fundación Index (Granada, Granada, Spain )
                1132-1296
                1699-5988
                December 2016
                : 25
                : 4
                : 283-287
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Escuela de Enfermería
                [02] Santiago de Chile orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Escuela de Enfermería Chile
                Article
                S1132-12962016000300013 S1132-1296(16)02500400013
                e0c5cca8-0865-4d2a-915e-8cb1d8ea847f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 November 2015
                : 10 March 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Academia

                Metodología de enseñanza,Educación superior,Innovación,Paciente simulado,Teaching methodology,Higher education,Innovation,Simulated patient

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