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      The secondary laticifer differentiation in rubber tree is induced by trichostatin A, an inhibitor of histone acetylation

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          Abstract

          The secondary laticifer, a specific tissue in the secondary phloem of rubber tree, is differentiated from the vascular cambia. The number of the secondary laticifer in the trunk bark of rubber tree is positively correlated with rubber yield. Although jasmonates have been demonstrated to be crucial in the regulation of secondary laticifer differentiation, the mechanism for the jasmonate-induced secondary laticifer differentiation remains to be elucidated. By using an experimental morphological technique, the present study revealed that trichostatin A (TSA), an inhibitor of histone deacetylation, could induce the secondary laticifer differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. The results suggest that histone acetylation is essential for the secondary laticifer differentiation in rubber tree.

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          (+)-7-iso-Jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine is the endogenous bioactive jasmonate.

          Sandra Fonseca, Andrea Chini, Mats Hamberg … (2009)
          Hormone-triggered activation of the jasmonate signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana requires SCF(COI1)-mediated proteasome degradation of JAZ repressors. (-)-JA-L-Ile is the proposed bioactive hormone, and SCF(COI1) is its likely receptor. We found that the biological activity of (-)-JA-L-Ile is unexpectedly low compared to coronatine and the synthetic isomer (+)-JA-L-Ile, which suggests that the stereochemical orientation of the cyclopentanone-ring side chains greatly affects receptor binding. Detailed GC-MS and HPLC analyses showed that the (-)-JA-L-Ile preparations currently used in ligand binding studies contain small amounts of the C7 epimer (+)-7-iso-JA-L-Ile. Purification of each of these molecules demonstrated that pure (-)-JA-L-Ile is inactive and that the active hormone is (+)-7-iso-JA-L-Ile, which is also structurally more similar to coronatine. In addition, we show that pH changes promote conversion of (+)-7-iso-JA-L-Ile to the inactive (-)-JA-L-Ile form, thus providing a simple mechanism that can regulate hormone activity through epimerization.
          Article 0 comments Cited 290 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Derepression of ethylene-stabilized transcription factors (EIN3/EIL1) mediates jasmonate and ethylene signaling synergy in Arabidopsis.

            Ziqiang Zhu, Fengying An, Ying Feng … (2011)
            Jasmonate (JA) and ethylene (ET) are two major plant hormones that synergistically regulate plant development and tolerance to necrotrophic fungi. Both JA and ET induce the expression of several pathogenesis-related genes, while blocking either signaling pathway abolishes the induction of these genes by JA and ET alone or in combination. However, the molecular basis of JA/ET coaction and signaling interdependency is largely unknown. Here, we report that two Arabidopsis ET-stabilized transcription factors (EIN3 and EIL1) integrate ET and JA signaling in the regulation of gene expression, root development, and necrotrophic pathogen defense. Further studies reveal that JA enhances the transcriptional activity of EIN3/EIL1 by removal of JA-Zim domain (JAZ) proteins, which physically interact with and repress EIN3/EIL1. In addition, we find that JAZ proteins recruit an RPD3-type histone deacetylase (HDA6) as a corepressor that modulates histone acetylation, represses EIN3/EIL1-dependent transcription, and inhibits JA signaling. Our studies identify EIN3/EIL1 as a key integration node whose activation requires both JA and ET signaling, and illustrate transcriptional derepression as a common mechanism to integrate diverse signaling pathways in the regulation of plant development and defense.
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              COI1 is a critical component of a receptor for jasmonate and the bacterial virulence factor coronatine.

              Leron Katsir, Anthony Schilmiller, Paul E Staswick … (2008)
              Jasmonate (JA) is a lipid-derived hormone that regulates diverse aspects of plant immunity and development. An amino acid-conjugated form of JA, jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile), stimulates binding of the F-box protein coronatine-insensitive 1 (COI1) to, and subsequent ubiquitin-dependent degradation of, jasmonate ZIM domain (JAZ) proteins that repress transcription of JA-responsive genes. The virulence factor coronatine (COR), which is produced by plant pathogenic strains of Pseudomonas syringae, suppresses host defense responses by activating JA signaling in a COI1-dependent manner. Although previous data indicate that COR acts as a molecular mimic of JA-Ile, the mechanism by which JA-Ile and COR are perceived by plant cells remains unknown. Here, we show that interaction of tomato COI1 with divergent members of the JAZ family is highly specific for JA-Ile and structurally related JA conjugates and that COR is approximately 1,000-fold more active than JA-Ile in promoting this interaction in vitro. JA-Ile competes for binding of COR to COI1-JAZ complexes, demonstrating that COR and JA-Ile are recognized by the same receptor. Binding of COR to the COI1-JAZ complex requires COI1 and is severely impaired by a point mutation in the putative ligand-binding pocket of COI1. Finally, we show that the C-terminal region of JAZ3 containing the highly conserved Jas motif is necessary and sufficient for hormone-induced COI1-JAZ interaction. These findings demonstrate that COI1 is a critical component of the JA receptor and that COR exerts its virulence effects by functioning as a potent agonist of this receptor system.
              Article 0 comments Cited 216 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Weimin TIAN
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.
                Journal ID (pmc): FASE
                Journal ID (publisher-id): CN10-1204/S
                Title: Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering
                Publisher: Higher Education Press (4 Huixin Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China )
                ISSN (Print): 2095-7505
                ISSN (Electronic): 2095-977X
                Publication date (Print): 2016
                Volume: 3
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 357-362
                Affiliations
                [1 ]. Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture, Danzhou 571737, China
                [2 ]. State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation and Physiology of Tropical Crops, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
                Author notes
                wmtian@163.com
                Article
                DOI: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016125
                SO-VID: 1691c83f-be34-4fae-9b58-1c479f4e568b
                History
                Date received : 28 October 2016
                Date accepted : 21 December 2016
                Categories
                Subject: RESEARCH ARTICLE

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Management,Industrial organization,Risk management,Economics
                Keywords: trichostatin,histone acetylation,laticifer differentiation,vascular cambia,Hevea brasiliensis
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Management, Industrial organization, Risk management, Economics
                Keywords: trichostatin, histone acetylation, laticifer differentiation, vascular cambia, Hevea brasiliensis

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