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      Drought-Responsive Mechanisms in Plant Leaves Revealed by Proteomics

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          Abstract

          Plant drought tolerance is a complex trait that requires a global view to understand its underlying mechanism. The proteomic aspects of plant drought response have been extensively investigated in model plants, crops and wood plants. In this review, we summarize recent proteomic studies on drought response in leaves to reveal the common and specialized drought-responsive mechanisms in different plants. Although drought-responsive proteins exhibit various patterns depending on plant species, genotypes and stress intensity, proteomic analyses show that dominant changes occurred in sensing and signal transduction, reactive oxygen species scavenging, osmotic regulation, gene expression, protein synthesis/turnover, cell structure modulation, as well as carbohydrate and energy metabolism. In combination with physiological and molecular results, proteomic studies in leaves have helped to discover some potential proteins and/or metabolic pathways for drought tolerance. These findings provide new clues for understanding the molecular basis of plant drought tolerance.

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          Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance

          Javed Ashraf, M.R. Foolad (2007)
          Article 0 comments Cited 962 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Gene networks involved in drought stress response and tolerance.

            Kazuo Shinozaki, Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki (2007)
            Plants respond to survive under water-deficit conditions via a series of physiological, cellular, and molecular processes culminating in stress tolerance. Many drought-inducible genes with various functions have been identified by molecular and genomic analyses in Arabidopsis, rice, and other plants, including a number of transcription factors that regulate stress-inducible gene expression. The products of stress-inducible genes function both in the initial stress response and in establishing plant stress tolerance. In this short review, recent progress resulting from analysis of gene expression during the drought-stress response in plants as well as in elucidating the functions of genes implicated in the stress response and/or stress tolerance are summarized. A description is also provided of how various genes involved in stress tolerance were applied in genetic engineering of dehydration stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.
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              ROS Regulation During Abiotic Stress Responses in Crop Plants

              Jun Myeong You, Zhulong Chan (2015)
              Abiotic stresses such as drought, cold, salt and heat cause reduction of plant growth and loss of crop yield worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions (O2 •-), hydroxyl radical (OH•) and singlet oxygen (1O2) are by-products of physiological metabolisms, and are precisely controlled by enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems. ROS are significantly accumulated under abiotic stress conditions, which cause oxidative damage and eventually resulting in cell death. Recently, ROS have been also recognized as key players in the complex signaling network of plants stress responses. The involvement of ROS in signal transduction implies that there must be coordinated function of regulation networks to maintain ROS at non-toxic levels in a delicate balancing act between ROS production, involving ROS generating enzymes and the unavoidable production of ROS during basic cellular metabolism, and ROS-scavenging pathways. Increasing evidence showed that ROS play crucial roles in abiotic stress responses of crop plants for the activation of stress-response and defense pathways. More importantly, manipulating ROS levels provides an opportunity to enhance stress tolerances of crop plants under a variety of unfavorable environmental conditions. This review presents an overview of current knowledge about homeostasis regulation of ROS in crop plants. In particular, we summarize the essential proteins that are involved in abiotic stress tolerance of crop plants through ROS regulation. Finally, the challenges toward the improvement of abiotic stress tolerance through ROS regulation in crops are discussed.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Setsuko Komatsu: Role: Academic Editor
                Zahed Hossain: Role: Academic Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Mol Sci
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Mol Sci
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ijms
                Title: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 1422-0067
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 October 2016
                Publication date Collection: October 2016
                Volume: 17
                Issue: 10
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1706
                Affiliations
                Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China; wangxl@ 123456shnu.edu.cn (X.W.); xfcai@ 123456shnu.edu.cn (X.C.); chenxixu@ 123456shnu.edu.cn (C.X.); wangquanhuan@ 123456shnu.edu.cn (Q.W.)
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: daishaojun@ 123456hotmail.com ; Tel.: +86-21-6432-4576
                Article
                Publisher ID: ijms-17-01706
                DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101706
                PMC ID: 5085738
                PubMed ID: 27763546
                SO-VID: 0226dbba-d792-40e9-8655-b64cb5480d97
                Copyright © © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
                License:

                This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 30 June 2016
                Date accepted : 22 September 2016
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular biology
                Keywords: proteomics,leaves,drought stress,molecular mechanism
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular biology
                Keywords: proteomics, leaves, drought stress, molecular mechanism

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