Psychological Resilience as the Mediating Factor Between Stigma and Social Avoidance and Distress of Infertility Patients in China: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

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Abstract

Background

Stigma, social avoidance and distress may seriously affect the quality of life of infertility patients. Psychological resilience has been proved to effectively combat psychological stress. This study aimed to explore the mediating role of psychological resilience between stigma and social avoidance and distress (SAD) in females with an unfulfilled wish for a child.

Methods

Stigma Scale, Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS), and Psychological Resilience Scale were used to evaluate 266 females with infertility. Structural equation model was used to test the mediating effect of psychological resilience on the relationship between stigma and SAD.

Results

The SADS, stigma scores, and psychological resilience scores of 266 females with infertility were 13.36 ± 5.77, 77.84 ± 16.91, and 58.84 ± 12.24 points, respectively. The stigma scores were positively correlated with SADS, and negatively correlated with psychological resilience scores. The psychological resilience scores were negatively correlated with SADS. Psychological resilience played a partially mediating role between the stigma and SAD of infertility patients, and the mediating effect accounted for 25.5% of the total effect.

Conclusion

Psychological resilience had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between stigma and SAD, and could reduce the negative effect of stigma on the development of SADS. Therefore, positive psychological interventions improving psychological resilience might help to reduce stigma and improve SAD in infertility patients.

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Most cited references 57

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Kathryn M Connor, Jonathan Davidson (2003)

Resilience may be viewed as a measure of stress coping ability and, as such, could be an important target of treatment in anxiety, depression, and stress reactions. We describe a new rating scale to assess resilience. The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale (CD-RISC) comprises of 25 items, each rated on a 5-point scale (0-4), with higher scores reflecting greater resilience. The scale was administered to subjects in the following groups: community sample, primary care outpatients, general psychiatric outpatients, clinical trial of generalized anxiety disorder, and two clinical trials of PTSD. The reliability, validity, and factor analytic structure of the scale were evaluated, and reference scores for study samples were calculated. Sensitivity to treatment effects was examined in subjects from the PTSD clinical trials. The scale demonstrated good psychometric properties and factor analysis yielded five factors. A repeated measures ANOVA showed that an increase in CD-RISC score was associated with greater improvement during treatment. Improvement in CD-RISC score was noted in proportion to overall clinical global improvement, with greatest increase noted in subjects with the highest global improvement and deterioration in CD-RISC score in those with minimal or no global improvement. The CD-RISC has sound psychometric properties and distinguishes between those with greater and lesser resilience. The scale demonstrates that resilience is modifiable and can improve with treatment, with greater improvement corresponding to higher levels of global improvement. Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Psychol Res Behav Manag

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Psychol Res Behav Manag

Journal ID (publisher-id): prbm

Title: Psychology Research and Behavior Management

Publisher: Dove

ISSN (Electronic): 1179-1578

Publication date (Electronic): 22 February 2022

Publication date Collection: 2022

Volume: 15

Pages: 391-403

Affiliations

[1 ]School of Nursing, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, Gansu, 730010, People’s Republic of China

[2 ]Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Western Theater Command , Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, People’s Republic of China

Author notes

Correspondence: Nan Tang, Tel +86-18793111027, Email tangnan@lzu.edu.cn

[*]

These authors contributed equally to this work

Author information

Nan Tang http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9702-8402

Article

Publisher ID: 354803

DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S354803

PMC ID: 8882026

PubMed ID: 35228821

SO-VID: 1abd8a20-d8dd-4124-86aa-bd8fb411612a

License:

This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms ( https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

History

Date received : 18 December 2021

Date accepted : 10 February 2022

Page count

Figures: 2, Tables: 7, References: 57, Pages: 13

Funding

Funded by: the Research project of School of Nursing, Lanzhou University;

The study was funded by the Research project of School of Nursing, Lanzhou University (LZUSON202009).

Psychological Resilience as the Mediating Factor Between Stigma and Social Avoidance and Distress of Infertility Patients in China: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

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Abstract

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Most cited references 57

Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).

Comparative fit indexes in structural models.

Resilience and mental health.

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