[1
]
Department of Anesthesiology and Gehr Family Center for Health Systems Science & Innovation,
Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2020 Zonal Avenue IRD
322, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. carol.peden@med.usc.edu.
[2
]
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia,
PA, 19104, USA. carol.peden@med.usc.edu.
[3
]
Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Surrey County Hospital,
Guildford, Surrey, UK.
[4
]
Sir Charles Gardiner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
[5
]
Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Stott La, Salford, M6 8HD, UK.
[6
]
University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
[7
]
Hvidovre University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[8
]
Harvard Medical School, Kessler Director, Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham
and Women's Hospital and Division of Trauma, Burns, Surgical Critical Care, and Emergency
Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 1620, Tremont Street, Boston, MA, 02120, USA.
[9
]
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Population Health & Environmental
Sciences, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, Division
of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK.
[10
]
Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, 1200 E. Broad
Street, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
[11
]
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Surgery, The
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287,
USA.
[12
]
Department of Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, CLINTEC,
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
[13
]
Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge Hälsovägen 3. B85, S 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
[14
]
Department of Anaesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Critical Care, Medway Maritime
Hospital, Windmill Road, Gillingham, Kent, ME7 5NY, UK.
[15
]
Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital,
75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
[16
]
Department of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,
PA, 19104, USA.
[17
]
Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne
(UNIL), Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
[18
]
Gehr Family Center for Health Systems Science & Innovation, Keck School of Medicine,
University of Southern California, 2020 Zonal Avenue IRD 322, Los Angeles, CA, 90033,
USA.
[19
]
Department of General & Colorectal Surgery, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Scott
La, Salford, M6 8HD, UK.
[20
]
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health and Medical
Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
[21
]
Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre and National Institute
for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University
Hospitals and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH,
UK.
[22
]
MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences,
University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
[23
]
Division of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Department of Surgery, Orebro University
Hospital & School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 701 85, Örebro, Sweden.
[24
]
Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Fundación Valle
del Lili, Cra 98 No. 18 - 49, 760032, Cali, Colombia.
[25
]
Sección de Cirugía de Trauma Y Emergencias, Universidad del Valle - Hospital Universitario
del Valle, Cl 5 No. 36-08, 760032, Cali, Colombia.
[26
]
Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Surrey County Hospital,
Egerton Road, Guildford, Surrey, GU5 7XX, UK.
[27
]
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's
Hospital / Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
[28
]
Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave HSW1601,
San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
[29
]
Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine-Hospital for Special
Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
[30
]
Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 535 East 70th Street, New York,
NY, 10021, USA.
[31
]
Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of
Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E. Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ, 85054, USA.
[32
]
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania,
3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.