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      Studentische Gesundheitsförderung aus Sicht der Studierenden in Österreich Translated title: Student health promotion from the perspective of university students in Austria

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          Abstract

          Hintergrund und Ziel

          Im Setting Universität ist studentische Gesundheitsförderung (SGF) noch nicht sehr verbreitet, wird aber als hoch relevant angesehen. Um von der Zielgruppe genutzt zu werden, sollte die SGF deren Erwartungen und Bedürfnissen entsprechen. Eine bundesweite Online-Befragung dazu wurde im Juni 2022 abgeschlossen.

          Material und Methoden

          Über 40 quantitative Items und diverse offene Fragen bildeten die Einstellung zu Nutzung und Auswirkung von Nutzungskriterien, Wünschen und Bedürfnissen bzgl. SGF ab. Die Items waren 5‑stufig skaliert nach Likert und auf Deutsch und Englisch verfügbar.

          Ergebnisse

          Insgesamt finden 90,6 % die Idee von SGF gut, ein entsprechendes Angebot finden jedoch nur 49,8 % an ihrer Hochschule vor. 56,7 % wünschen sich in Zukunft mehr SGF-Angebote, v. a. zu psychischer Gesundheit (Werte + 70 % bis + 60 % Zustimmung). Gleiches gilt für Ernährung und bestimmte Ernährungsempfehlungen, Sport und Bewegung, Ergonomie sowie Ausgleich zum Sitzen. Mehr Suchtprävention wird von 26,9 % gewünscht. Zirka 60 % wünschen sich im Rahmen der SGF mehr thematische Vernetzungsmöglichkeiten, knapp unter 50 % bzgl. Lerngruppen und fachliche Diskussionsrunden. Viele weitere Empfehlungen zu Verhältnisprävention und Angebotskonkretisierungen wurden angemerkt.

          Schlussfolgerung

          Die SGF wird als sehr positiv und ausbaufähig angesehen, v. a. bzgl. Psyche, Ernährung und Bewegung. Eine Möglichkeit ist ein studienphasenorientierter Zugang, der zu Beginn auf Information und Kompetenzentwicklung setzt und diese später ergänzt.

          Translated abstract

          Background and aim

          Student health promotion (SHP) is not yet widely applied but is considered highly relevant. To be of interest for the target group, SHP should meet their expectations and wishes. For this purpose, a nation-wide online survey was completed in June 2022.

          Materials and methods

          More than 40 quantitative items and several open questions surveyed attitudes towards, use and impact of, determinants of participation, wishes, and needs regarding SHP. The items were assessed using a Likert scale (5 categories) and were available in German and English.

          Results

          Overall, 90.6% like the idea of SHP, but only 49.8% found an offer at their university. Furthermore, 56.7% wish for more offers, mainly regarding mental health (+ 70% and + 60% agreement). The same is true for nutrition and specific nutrition suggestions, exercise, ergonomics, and compensation exercise for prolonged sitting. Furthermore, 26.9% want more offers for prevention of substance abuse. About 60% wish for more offers regarding various networking opportunities. Many suggestions regarding setting design and specific offers were provided in the open comments.

          Conclusion

          SHP is seen very positively and should be increased, mainly regarding mental health, nutrition, and exercise. A possibility might be to focus on information and competence development at the start of their studies and then complement it with further specifics later.

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          Mental Health, Social and Emotional Well-Being, and Perceived Burdens of University Students During COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown in Germany

          Elisabeth Kohls, Sabrina Baldofski, Raiko Moeller … (2021)
          Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been affecting everyone's daily life in unknown measures since its outbreak. Nearly all Universities around the globe were affected. Further, young people and University students in particular, are known to be vulnerable for developing mental disorders. This study aims to examine the mental health social and emotional well-being and perceived burdens of University students during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Germany. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and anonymous online survey among University students assessed mental health status with standardized measures (depressive symptoms, alcohol and drug consumption, and eating disorder symptoms), attitudes toward the COVID-19 pandemic and perceived burdens, and social and emotional aspects of the pandemic (social support, perceived stress, loneliness, and self-efficacy). Results: In total, N = 3,382 German University students participated. Nearly half of the students (49%) reported that they are worried or very much worried about the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority supports the governmental lockdown measures (85%). A Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) sum score of 10 or above, indicating clinically relevant depressive symptoms, was reported by 37% ( n = 1,249). The PHQ-9 sum score was on average 8.66 ( SD = 5.46). Suicidal thoughts were indicated by 14.5% of the participants. Levels of depressive symptoms differed significantly for the different self-rated income changes during the pandemic (increase, decrease, no change in income). Further, levels of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation differed significantly for students from different faculties. Multiple regression analyses revealed that not being a parent, having no indirect social contact one or two times a week, higher perceived stress, higher experienced loneliness, lower social support, and lower self-efficacy significantly predicted higher scores of depressive symptoms, also higher hazardous alcohol use, and higher levels of eating disorder symptoms. Other aspects of lifestyle such as social and cultural activities, dating, and hobbies were reported to be negatively affected during the pandemic. Conclusion: The present study implies that University students are vulnerable and due to elevated depressive symptoms at risk, being hit hard by the pandemic, but are in general coping adaptively. Low-threshold online interventions promoting help-seeking and also targeting various mental health conditions might bridge the gap the COVID-19 pandemic opened up recently.
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            Higher Education in Times of COVID-19: University Students’ Basic Need Satisfaction, Self-Regulated Learning, and Well-Being

            Julia Holzer, Marko Lüftenegger, Selma Korlat … (2021)
            In the wake of COVID-19, university students have experienced fundamental changes of their learning and their lives as a whole. The present research identifies psychological characteristics associated with students’ well-being in this situation. We investigated relations of basic psychological need satisfaction (experienced competence, autonomy, and relatedness) with positive emotion and intrinsic learning motivation, considering self-regulated learning as a moderator. Self-reports were collected from 6,071 students in Austria (Study 1) and 1,653 students in Finland (Study 2). Structural equation modeling revealed competence as the strongest predictor for positive emotion. Intrinsic learning motivation was predicted by competence and autonomy in both countries and by relatedness in Finland. Moderation effects of self-regulated learning were inconsistent, but main effects on intrinsic learning motivation were identified. Surprisingly, relatedness exerted only a minor effect on positive emotion. The results inform strategies to promote students’ well-being through distance learning, mitigating the negative effects of the situation.
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              Perceptions of Study Conditions and Depressive Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among University Students in Germany: Results of the International COVID-19 Student Well-Being Study

              Paula Mayara Matos Fialho, Franca Spatafora, Lisa Kühne … (2021)
              Background: Results of previous studies examining the impact of the SARS-CoV-1 epidemic in 2003 on university students' mental well-being indicated severe mental health consequences. It is unclear how the current COVID-19 pandemic and the changes in study conditions due to federal regulations affected mental well-being in the German student population. We examined university students' perceptions of study conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic and investigated associations between study conditions and depressive symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Germany in May 2020 at four universities ( N = 5,021, 69% female, mean age: 24 years, SD : 5.1). Perceived study conditions, as well as sociodemographic information, were assessed with self-generated items and the CES-D 8 scale was used to determine depressive symptoms. Associations between perceived study conditions (academic stress and academic satisfaction), in general, and confidence to complete the semester, in particular, and depressive symptoms were analyzed using generalized linear regressions. Results: Fifty-four percent of survey participants felt that the university workload had significantly increased since the COVID-19 pandemic; 48% were worried that they would not be able to successfully complete the academic year; 47% agreed that the change in teaching methods caused significant stress. Regarding depressive symptoms, the mean score of the CES-D 8 scale was 9.25. Further, a positive association between perceived study conditions and depressive symptoms was found ( p < 0.001), indicating that better study conditions were associated with fewer depressive symptoms. Results of the generalized linear regression suggest that better student mental well-being was related to higher confidence in completing the semester. Conclusions: This study provides first insights into perceived study conditions and associations with depressive symptoms among students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Findings underline the need for universities to provide intervention strategies targeting students' mental well-being during the course of the pandemic.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Elisabeth Nöhammer:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0284-527X
                elisabeth.noehammer@umit-tirol.at , elisabeth.noehammer@umit.at
                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Präv Gesundheitsf
                Title: Pra¨vention Und Gesundheitsfo¨rderung
                Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )
                ISSN (Print): 1861-6755
                ISSN (Electronic): 1861-6763
                Publication date (Electronic): 12 December 2022
                Pages: 1-6
                Affiliations
                GRID grid.41719.3a, ISNI 0000 0000 9734 7019, Department of Public Health, Health Services Research & Health Technology Assessment, , UMIT TIROL – Private Universität für Gesundheitswissenschaften und Gesundheitstechnologie, ; Eduard-Wallnöfer-Zentrum 1, 6060 Hall in Tirol, Österreich
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0284-527X
                Article
                Publisher ID: 1002
                DOI: 10.1007/s11553-022-01002-7
                PMC ID: 9744363
                SO-VID: 66a0419f-3fb0-45fe-9df1-7362dc215193
                Copyright © © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Der/die Autor(en), exklusiv lizenziert an Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2022, Springer Nature oder sein Lizenzgeber (z.B. eine Gesellschaft oder ein*e andere*r Vertragspartner*in) hält die ausschließlichen Nutzungsrechte an diesem Artikel kraft eines Verlagsvertrags mit dem/den Autor*in(nen) oder anderen Rechteinhaber*in(nen); die Selbstarchivierung der akzeptierten Manuskriptversion dieses Artikels durch Autor*in(nen) unterliegt ausschließlich den Bedingungen dieses Verlagsvertrags und dem geltenden Recht.
                License:

                This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.

                History
                Date received : 23 July 2022
                Date accepted : 13 November 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009968, Tiroler Wissenschaftsförderung;
                Award ID: UNI-0404-2156
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Subject: Originalarbeit

                Keywords: universität,fachhochschule,pädagogische hochschule,bedürfnisse,einstellungen,university,university of applied sciences,university college of teacher education,needs,attitudes
                Data availability:
                Keywords: universität, fachhochschule, pädagogische hochschule, bedürfnisse, einstellungen, university, university of applied sciences, university college of teacher education, needs, attitudes

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