Contributors
Steven Scholfield:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7121-816X
Role: Formal analysisRole: SoftwareRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draftRole:
Writing – review & editing
Geraldine D. Kavembe: Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: Project administrationRole:
Validation
Rodney R. Duncan: Role: InvestigationRole: Project administrationRole: Supervision
Bernhards O. Ragama: Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole:
SupervisionRole: Writing – review & editing
Jared Mecha: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole:
InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: SupervisionRole: Writing
– original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
Albert Orwa: Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysis
Geoffrey Otomu: Role: Supervision
Erick Wanga: Role: Data curationRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole:
ResourcesRole: Supervision
James Astleford: Role: ResourcesRole: Supervision
John Gutto: Role: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: Supervision
Isaac Kibwage: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole:
Writing – original draft
Julius Ogato: Role: ResourcesRole: Supervision
Arpana Verma: Role: ConceptualizationRole: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: Writing – review & editing
Keith Brennan: Role: Funding acquisitionRole: Resources
Jonathan Huck: Role: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: MethodologyRole: SoftwareRole: Writing
– original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
Diana Mitlin:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8811-6440
Role: ConceptualizationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – review
& editing
Mahesh Nirmalan:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1184-9432
Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole:
InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole:
Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing
Megan Schmidt-Sane: Role: Editor
Journal
Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS One
Journal ID (iso-abbrev): PLoS One
Journal ID (publisher-id): plos
Title:
PLOS ONE
Publisher:
Public Library of Science
(San Francisco, CA USA
)
ISSN
(Electronic):
1932-6203
Publication date
(Electronic):
22
December
2023
Publication date Collection: 2023
Volume: 18
Issue: 12
Electronic Location Identifier: e0294202
Affiliations
[1
]
Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester, Manchester, United
Kingdom
[2
]
Department of Life Sciences, South Eastern Kenya University, Kitui, Kenya
[3
]
Department of Monitoring and Evaluation, Central Kenya Conference of SDA, Nairobi,
Kenya
[4
]
Centre for Research and Therapeutic Sciences, Strathmore University and Kenya Medical
Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya
[5
]
Department of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi,
Kenya
[6
]
Department of Medicine, Kisii Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kisii, Kenya
[7
]
Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA), Nairobi, Kenya
[8
]
Egerton University, Nairobi, Kenya
[9
]
Division of Health Systems Strengthening, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
[10
]
Division of Population Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester,
Manchester, United Kingdom
[11
]
MCGIS, Department of Geography, Faculty of Humanities, University of Manchester, Manchester,
United Kingdom
[12
]
Global Development Institute, Faculty of Humanities, University of Manchester, Manchester,
United Kingdom
Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UNITED KINGDOM
Author notes
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author information
Article
Publisher ID:
PONE-D-23-14125
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294202
PMC ID: 10745220
PubMed ID: 38134188
SO-VID: 59980522-2cd7-420e-996c-f3def9c262df
Copyright © © 2023 Scholfield et al
License:
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided
the original author and source are credited.
History
Date
received
: 9
May
2023
Date
accepted
: 26
October
2023
Page count
Figures: 1,
Tables: 7,
Pages: 21
Funding
Funded by:
funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100022370, Global Challenges Research Fund;
Award Recipient
:
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1184-9432
Mahesh Nirmalan
The study was funded by the Global Challenges Research Fund, QR allocations to the
University of Manchester. The funders had no role in study design, data collection
and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Categories
Subject:
Research Article
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Public and Occupational Health
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Conditions
Subject:
Infectious Diseases
Subject:
Viral Diseases
Subject:
Covid 19
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Diagnostic Medicine
Subject:
Virus Testing
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Epidemiology
Subject:
Pandemics
Subject:
Research and Analysis Methods
Subject:
Research Design
Subject:
Survey Research
Subject:
Surveys
Subject:
Biology and Life Sciences
Subject:
Psychology
Subject:
Psychological Attitudes
Subject:
Social Sciences
Subject:
Psychology
Subject:
Psychological Attitudes
Subject:
Medicine and Health Sciences
Subject:
Medical Conditions
Subject:
Infectious Diseases
Subject:
Infectious Disease Control
Subject:
Social Distancing
Subject:
People and Places
Subject:
Geographical Locations
Subject:
Africa
Subject:
Kenya
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