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      Green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diode exhibiting highest external quantum efficiency with ultra-thin undoped emission layer

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          Abstract

          In this study, we report highly efficient green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with ultra-thin emission layers (EMLs). We use tris[2-phenylpyridinato-C2,N]iridium(III) (Ir(ppy) 3), a green phosphorescent dopant, for creating the OLEDs. Under systematic analysis, the peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of an optimized device based on the ultra-thin EML structure is found to be approximately 24%. This result is highest EQE among ultra-thin EML OLEDs and comparable to the highest efficiency achieved by OLEDs using Ir(ppy) 3 that are fabricated via conventional doping methods. Moreover, this result shows that OLEDs with ultra-thin EML structures can achieve ultra-high efficiency.

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          Highly efficient organic light-emitting diodes from delayed fluorescence.

          Hiroki Uoyama, Kenichi Goushi, Katsuyuki Shizu … (2012)
          The inherent flexibility afforded by molecular design has accelerated the development of a wide variety of organic semiconductors over the past two decades. In particular, great advances have been made in the development of materials for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), from early devices based on fluorescent molecules to those using phosphorescent molecules. In OLEDs, electrically injected charge carriers recombine to form singlet and triplet excitons in a 1:3 ratio; the use of phosphorescent metal-organic complexes exploits the normally non-radiative triplet excitons and so enhances the overall electroluminescence efficiency. Here we report a class of metal-free organic electroluminescent molecules in which the energy gap between the singlet and triplet excited states is minimized by design, thereby promoting highly efficient spin up-conversion from non-radiative triplet states to radiative singlet states while maintaining high radiative decay rates, of more than 10(6) decays per second. In other words, these molecules harness both singlet and triplet excitons for light emission through fluorescence decay channels, leading to an intrinsic fluorescence efficiency in excess of 90 per cent and a very high external electroluminescence efficiency, of more than 19 per cent, which is comparable to that achieved in high-efficiency phosphorescence-based OLEDs.
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            Organic electroluminescent diodes

            S. A. VanSlyke, C. W. Tang (1987)
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              Highly efficient phosphorescent emission from organic electroluminescent devices

              S. Forrest, D O'Brien, M. A. Baldo … (1998)
              Article 0 comments Cited 424 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Byeong-Kwon Ju: bkju@korea.ac.kr
                Young Wook Park: zerook@sunmoon.ac.kr
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sci Rep
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sci Rep
                Title: Scientific Reports
                Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2045-2322
                Publication date (Electronic): 19 April 2021
                Publication date PMC-release: 19 April 2021
                Publication date Collection: 2021
                Volume: 11
                Electronic Location Identifier: 8436
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.222754.4, ISNI 0000 0001 0840 2678, Display and Nanosystem Laboratory, School of Electrical Engineering, , Korea University, ; 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
                [2 ]GRID grid.412859.3, ISNI 0000 0004 0533 4202, Nano and Organic-Electronics Laboratory, Department of Display and Semiconductor Engineering, , Sun Moon University, ; Asan, Chungcheongnam-do 31460 Republic of Korea
                [3 ]GRID grid.412859.3, ISNI 0000 0004 0533 4202, Center for Next Generation Semiconductor Technology, Department of Display and Semiconductor Engineering, , Sun Moon University, ; Asan, Chungcheongnam-do 31460 Republic of Korea
                Article
                Publisher ID: 86333
                DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86333-9
                PMC ID: 8055988
                PubMed ID: 33875674
                SO-VID: cc182393-2bab-41fa-806b-7c202158d133
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2021
                License:

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                Date received : 26 October 2020
                Date accepted : 12 March 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003725, National Research Foundation of Korea;
                Award ID: 2020R1C1C1013567
                Award ID: 2019R1A2B5B01070286
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Subject: Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2021

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
                Keywords: electrical and electronic engineering,electronics, photonics and device physics,organic leds
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Uncategorized
                Keywords: electrical and electronic engineering, electronics, photonics and device physics, organic leds

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