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      Temporal changes in the prevalence and associates of diabetes-related lower extremity amputations in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study.

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          To determine temporal changes in the prevalence and associates of lower extremity amputation (LEA) complicating type 2 diabetes.

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          Projection of the year 2050 burden of diabetes in the US adult population: dynamic modeling of incidence, mortality, and prediabetes prevalence

          James Boyle, Theodore Thompson, Edward Gregg … (2010)
          Background People with diabetes can suffer from diverse complications that seriously erode quality of life. Diabetes, costing the United States more than $174 billion per year in 2007, is expected to take an increasingly large financial toll in subsequent years. Accurate projections of diabetes burden are essential to policymakers planning for future health care needs and costs. Methods Using data on prediabetes and diabetes prevalence in the United States, forecasted incidence, and current US Census projections of mortality and migration, the authors constructed a series of dynamic models employing systems of difference equations to project the future burden of diabetes among US adults. A three-state model partitions the US population into no diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and diagnosed diabetes. A four-state model divides the state of "no diabetes" into high-risk (prediabetes) and low-risk (normal glucose) states. A five-state model incorporates an intervention designed to prevent or delay diabetes in adults at high risk. Results The authors project that annual diagnosed diabetes incidence (new cases) will increase from about 8 cases per 1,000 in 2008 to about 15 in 2050. Assuming low incidence and relatively high diabetes mortality, total diabetes prevalence (diagnosed and undiagnosed cases) is projected to increase from 14% in 2010 to 21% of the US adult population by 2050. However, if recent increases in diabetes incidence continue and diabetes mortality is relatively low, prevalence will increase to 33% by 2050. A middle-ground scenario projects a prevalence of 25% to 28% by 2050. Intervention can reduce, but not eliminate, increases in diabetes prevalence. Conclusions These projected increases are largely attributable to the aging of the US population, increasing numbers of members of higher-risk minority groups in the population, and people with diabetes living longer. Effective strategies will need to be undertaken to moderate the impact of these factors on national diabetes burden. Our analysis suggests that widespread implementation of reasonably effective preventive interventions focused on high-risk subgroups of the population can considerably reduce, but not eliminate, future increases in diabetes prevalence.
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            Population-based linkage of health records in Western Australia: development of a health services research linked database

            C Holman, A. Bass, Ian L Rouse … (1999)
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              Trends in Death Rates Among U.S. Adults With and Without Diabetes Between 1997 and 2006

              Edward Gregg, Yiling J Cheng, Sharon H. Saydah … (2012)
              OBJECTIVE To determine whether all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) death rates declined between 1997 and 2006, a period of continued advances in treatment approaches and risk factor control, among U.S. adults with and without diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We compared 3-year death rates of four consecutive nationally representative samples (1997–1998, 1999–2000, 2001–2002, and 2003–2004) of U.S. adults aged 18 years and older using data from the National Health Interview Surveys linked to National Death Index. RESULTS Among diabetic adults, the CVD death rate declined by 40% (95% CI 23–54) and all-cause mortality declined by 23% (10–35) between the earliest and latest samples. There was no difference in the rates of decline in mortality between diabetic men and women. The excess CVD mortality rate associated with diabetes (i.e., compared with nondiabetic adults) decreased by 60% (from 5.8 to 2.3 CVD deaths per 1,000) while the excess all-cause mortality rate declined by 44% (from 10.8 to 6.1 deaths per 1,000). CONCLUSIONS Death rates among both U.S. men and women with diabetes declined substantially between 1997 and 2006, reducing the absolute difference between adults with and without diabetes. These encouraging findings, however, suggest that diabetes prevalence is likely to rise in the future if diabetes incidence is not curtailed.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Cardiovasc Diabetol
                Title: Cardiovascular diabetology
                Publisher: Springer Nature
                ISSN (Electronic): 1475-2840
                ISSN (Print): 1475-2840
                Publication date (Electronic): Dec 18 2015
                Volume: 14
                Affiliations
                [1 ] School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, PO Box 480, Fremantle, WA, 6959, Australia. mendelbaba@live.com.au.
                [2 ] Podiatric Medicine Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA, Australia. mendelbaba@live.com.au.
                [3 ] School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, PO Box 480, Fremantle, WA, 6959, Australia. wendy.davis@uwa.edu.au.
                [4 ] School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, WA, Australia. paul.norman@uwa.edu.au.
                [5 ] School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, PO Box 480, Fremantle, WA, 6959, Australia. tim.davis@uwa.edu.au.
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: 10.1186/s12933-015-0315-z
                DOI: 10.1186/s12933-015-0315-z
                PMC ID: 4683723
                PubMed ID: 26684912
                SO-VID: d1f866e1-f846-42b0-90da-6b1b792f3fad
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