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      Assessment of genetic diversity, population structure and sex identification in dioecious crop, Trichosanthes dioica employing ISSR, SCoT and SRAP markers

      research-article
      Author(s): , ∗
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Heliyon
      Publisher: Elsevier
      Keywords: Genetics, Molecular biology, Ecology

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          Abstract

          Twenty inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and twenty two start codon targeted (SCoT) primers were employed to analyze genetic diversity and population structure among 52 Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. accessions collected from nine different eco-geographical regions of India. ISSR markers proved to be more informative in genetic diversity assessment and produced higher mean number of polymorphic bands (15.25 with 95.96% polymorphism) and polymorphic information content (PIC) value (0.47) compared to SCoT markers (12.55 polymorphic bands with 92.20% polymorphism and PIC: 0.45). Total genetic diversity ( Ht) and genetic diversity within populations ( Hs) in T. dioica accessions was found to be very high (0.45 and 0.43, respectively). AMOVA analysis also revealed higher genetic variation within populations (81%) than among them (19%). Among different T. dioica populations, very low genetic differentiation ( Gst: 0.05) and high gene flow ( Nm: 9.32) were observed. T. dioica populations of Bihar state were found to be highly diverse and Kolkata and Cuttack populations were least diverse. T. dioica male plants were more variable than females. UPGMA, Neighbor-Joining and population structure analyses divided T. dioica populations into three main clusters. First cluster comprised of Meerut population, second cluster included of Cuttack and Kolkata populations and populations of Bihar, Delhi and Kanpur occurred in third cluster. Genetic diversity was found to be strongly positively correlated with the latitude and strongly negatively correlated with annual mean rainfall of different T. dioica cultivated regions. For sex identification, one SRAP primer combination, 'Em-6/Me-4' amplified two molecular markers of around 230 and 290 bp specific to male T. dioica plants of Bihar, Kanpur, North Delhi and Meerut populations and were completely absent from female plants.

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          TreeView: an application to display phylogenetic trees on personal computers.

          R D Page (1996)
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            Comparison of different nuclear DNA markers for estimating intraspecific genetic diversity in plants.

            Hilde Nybom (2004)
            A compilation was made of 307 studies using nuclear DNA markers for evaluating among- and within-population diversity in wild angiosperms and gymnosperms. Estimates derived by the dominantly inherited markers (RAPD, AFLP, ISSR) are very similar and may be directly comparable. STMS analysis yields almost three times higher values for within-population diversity whereas among-population diversity estimates are similar to those derived by the dominantly inherited markers. Number of sampled plants per population and number of scored microsatellite DNA alleles are correlated with some of the population genetics parameters. In addition, maximum geographical distance between sampled populations has a strong positive effect on among-population diversity. As previously verified with allozyme data, RAPD- and STMS-based analyses show that long-lived, outcrossing, late successional taxa retain most of their genetic variability within populations. By contrast, annual, selfing and/or early successional taxa allocate most of the genetic variability among populations. Estimates for among- and within-population diversity, respectively, were negatively correlated. The only major discrepancy between allozymes and STMS on the one hand, and RAPD on the other hand, concerns geographical range; within-population diversity was strongly affected when the former methods were used but not so in the RAPD-based studies. Direct comparisons between the different methods, when applied to the same plant material, indicate large similarities between the dominant markers and somewhat lower similarity with the STMS-based data, presumably due to insufficient number of analysed microsatellite DNA loci in many studies.
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              Genetic variation increases during biological invasion by a Cuban lizard.

              Jason Kolbe, Richard Glor, Lourdes Rodríguez Schettino … (2004)
              A genetic paradox exists in invasion biology: how do introduced populations, whose genetic variation has probably been depleted by population bottlenecks, persist and adapt to new conditions? Lessons from conservation genetics show that reduced genetic variation due to genetic drift and founder effects limits the ability of a population to adapt, and small population size increases the risk of extinction. Nonetheless, many introduced species experiencing these same conditions during initial introductions persist, expand their ranges, evolve rapidly and become invasive. To address this issue, we studied the brown anole, a worldwide invasive lizard. Genetic analyses indicate that at least eight introductions have occurred in Florida from across this lizard's native range, blending genetic variation from different geographic source populations and producing populations that contain substantially more, not less, genetic variation than native populations. Moreover, recently introduced brown anole populations around the world originate from Florida, and some have maintained these elevated levels of genetic variation. Here we show that one key to invasion success may be the occurrence of multiple introductions that transform among-population variation in native ranges to within-population variation in introduced areas. Furthermore, these genetically variable populations may be particularly potent sources for introductions elsewhere. The growing problem of invasive species introductions brings considerable economic and biological costs. If these costs are to be mitigated, a greater understanding of the causes, progression and consequences of biological invasions is needed.
              Article 0 comments Cited 355 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Veena Agrawal
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Heliyon
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Heliyon
                Title: Heliyon
                Publisher: Elsevier
                ISSN (Electronic): 2405-8440
                Publication date PMC-release: 16 March 2019
                Publication date Collection: March 2019
                Publication date (Electronic): 16 March 2019
                Volume: 5
                Issue: 3
                Electronic Location Identifier: e01346
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Corresponding author. drveena_du@ 123456yahoo.co.in
                Article
                Publisher ID: S2405-8440(18)37632-1 Publisher ID: e01346
                DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01346
                PMC ID: 6423492
                SO-VID: 68063add-36cc-47da-a6ef-d5a77a4ba85d
                Copyright © © 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 12 November 2018
                Date revision received : 8 January 2019
                Date accepted : 11 March 2019
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: genetics,molecular biology,ecology
                Data availability:
                Keywords: genetics, molecular biology, ecology

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