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      HIGHLY EFFICIENT AND VERSATILE ACETYLATION OF ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS AND AMINES CATALYZED BY METHYLENEDIPHOSPHONIC ACID (MDP) UNDER SOLVENT-FREE CONDITIONS

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          Abstract

          Methylenediphosphonic Acid (MDP) was found to be a simple, cheap and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the acetylation of structurally diverse alcohols, phenols and amines with acetic anhydride under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. This method showed preferential selectivity for the acetylation of the amino group in the presence of hydroxyl group. The method is very mild and the yields were in excellent.

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          A Natural Love of Natural Products

          Recent research on the chemistry of natural products from the author’s group that led to the receipt of the ACS Ernest Guenther Award in the Chemistry of Natural Products is reviewed. REDOR NMR and synthetic studies established the T-taxol conformation as the bioactive tubulin-binding conformation, and these results were confirmed by the synthesis of compounds which clearly owed their activity or lack of activity to whether or not they could adopt the T-taxol conformation. Similar studies with the epothilones suggest that the current tubulin-binding model needs to be modified. Examples of natural products discovery and biodiversity conservation in Suriname and Madagascar are also presented, and it is concluded that natural products chemistry will continue to make significant contributions to drug discovery.
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            Understanding and tuning the catalytic bias of hydrogenase.

            When enzymes are optimized for biotechnological purposes, the goal often is to increase stability or catalytic efficiency. However, many enzymes reversibly convert their substrate and product, and if one is interested in catalysis in only one direction, it may be necessary to prevent the reverse reaction. In other cases, reversibility may be advantageous because only an enzyme that can operate in both directions can turnover at a high rate even under conditions of low thermodynamic driving force. Therefore, understanding the basic mechanisms of reversibility in complex enzymes should help the rational engineering of these proteins. Here, we focus on NiFe hydrogenase, an enzyme that catalyzes H(2) oxidation and production, and we elucidate the mechanism that governs the catalytic bias (the ratio of maximal rates in the two directions). Unexpectedly, we found that this bias is not mainly determined by redox properties of the active site, but rather by steps which occur on sites of the proteins that are remote from the active site. We evidence a novel strategy for tuning the catalytic bias of an oxidoreductase, which consists in modulating the rate of a step that is limiting only in one direction of the reaction, without modifying the properties of the active site.
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              Comprehensive Organic Transformations

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                jcchems
                Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society
                J. Chil. Chem. Soc.
                Sociedad Chilena de Química (Concepción )
                0717-9707
                December 2011
                : 56
                : 4
                : 884-886
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine Peoples R China
                Article
                S0717-97072011000400013
                10.4067/S0717-97072011000400013
                f1909870-d438-4aa9-9722-5e1303f31663

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0717-9707&lng=en
                Categories
                CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

                General chemistry
                Bisphosphonic acid,MDP,Solvent-free,Acetylation
                General chemistry
                Bisphosphonic acid, MDP, Solvent-free, Acetylation

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