Un precursor de la pedagogía médica en España: Francesc Salvà i Campillo

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Abstract

Resumen. Buscando antecedentes y pioneros de la pedagogía médica en España, se recupera la figura y obra del médico y docente catalán Francesc Salvà i Campillo (1751-1828) mediante la revisión historiográfica de libros sobre enseñanza de la medicina, que no libros de texto ni monografías especializadas, escritos por Salvà, un personaje polifacético e ilustrado. Se muestran las concepciones pedagógicas del autor sobre la ‘enseñanza del arte de curar' basada en el estudio de casos. Sus escritos a modo de ensayos muestran una gran preocupación por la mejora de la enseñanza de la medicina en Cataluña y en el resto de España. Además, son de una lectura amena y atañen a aspectos hoy en día todavía de gran actualidad: la financiación de los estudios médicos, el enfoque práctico de la enseñanza y la importancia de la higiene para la mejora de las condiciones de vida de un proletariado industrial entonces emergente en Cataluña. Francesc Salvà i Campillo bien puede considerarse el precursor de la pedagogía médica española con una indudable influencia posterior a lo largo del siglo XIX.

Translated abstract

Summary. Looking for background and pioneers of medical education in Spain, the figure and work of the Catalonian doctor and teacher Francesc Salvà i Campillo (1751-1828) is recovered, through a historiographical review of books on teaching of medicine, but no textbooks nor specialized monographs, written by Salvà, a multifaceted and enlightened character. The author's pedagogical conceptions about the ‘teaching of the art of healing' based on case studies are shown. His writings as essays show great concern for the improvement of the teaching of medicine in Catalonia and in the rest of Spain. In addition, they are of a pleasant reading on aspects that still concern high-date issues today: the financing of medical studies, the practical approach to teaching and the importance of hygiene for improving the living conditions of a proletariat from the industrial sector then emerging in Catalonia. Francesc Salvà i Campillo may well be considered the forerunner of Spanish medical education with an undoubted subsequent influence throughout the 19th century.

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A forerunner of qualitative health research: Risueno's report against the use of statistics.

Inés Fernandez-Guerrero, Manuel Torralbo, Antonio Fernández-Cano (2014)

In this article we discuss and examine the report presented to the Académie Royale de Médicine of Paris by the Spanish doctor Benigno Risueño de Amador in 1836, in which he argued against the calculation of probabilities in the health sciences. In his report, Risueño opposed the proposals put forward by Pierre Louis, precursor of the application of statistics in the health sciences. The report was a pioneering document that rejected the use of statistics in clinical practice and medical research. At the same time, however, it could well be considered a seminal document of a certain kind of qualitative research methodology in the health sciences.