AIE polymers in sensing, imaging and theranostic applications

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Abstract

This review summarizes the progress of AIE polymers in sensing, imaging and theranostic applications in the recent 3 years, and the perspective and future development of AIE polymers are discussed briefly.

Abstract

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) has become a hot research topic in chemistry and materials science. AIE polymers integrate the advantages of polymeric materials and AIE luminogens and show unique properties compared with traditional fluorophores and low-mass AIE materials for practical applications. In this review, we briefly summarize the progress of AIE polymers in sensing, imaging and theranostic applications in the last 3 years. It is hoped that this review will accelerate the development of these promising materials and serve as a trigger for future innovation in related research.

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Most cited references 66

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Aggregation-Induced Emission: Together We Shine, United We Soar!

Ju Mei, Nelson Leung, Ryan T K Kwok … (2015)

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AIE macromolecules: syntheses, structures and functionalities.

RONGRONG HU, Nelson Leung, Ben Tang (2014)

Macromolecules with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) attributes are a class of luminescent materials that display enhanced emission when they are aggregated. They have attracted much attention because of their good solubility, processability, high emission efficiency in the aggregated states, etc. A large variety of AIE macromolecules have been developed, showing exponential growth of research interest in this field. This review summarizes the design principles and recent synthetic advancements, topological structures, as well as the frontiers of functionalities and potential applications of AIE macromolecules, especially fluorescence sensing, biological applications and optoelectronic applications, with an emphasis on the recent progress. New luminogenic systems without conventional chromophores displaying aggregated state emission are discussed. The highly dense clusters of heteroatoms with lone pair electrons in these systems may serve as the chromophore and are cited as "heterodox clusters". It is expected that the mechanistic insights into the AIE phenomena, based on the restriction of intramolecular motions and structure rigidification, can guide the future design of AIE materials with fascinating structures and functionalities.

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Is Open Access

Enhancing the performance of pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent luminophores

Kenry, Chengjian Chen, Bin Liu (2019)

Once considered the exclusive property of metal complexes, the phenomenon of room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) has been increasingly realized in pure organic luminophores recently. Using precise molecular design and synthetic approaches to modulate their weak spin–orbit coupling, highly active triplet excitons, and ultrafast deactivation, organic luminophores can be endowed with long-lived and bright RTP characteristics. This has sparked intense explorations into organic luminophores with enhanced RTP features for different applications. This Review discusses the fundamental mechanism of RTP in pure organic luminophores, followed by design principles, enhancement strategies, and formulation methods to achieve highly phosphorescent and long-lived organic RTP luminophores even in aqueous media. The current challenges and future directions of this field are also discussed in the summary and outlook.