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      Setting research priorities for adolescent sexual and reproductive health in low- and middle-income countries Translated title: Établissement de priorités de la recherche en matière de santé sexuelle et reproductive des adolescents dans les pays à revenu faible et moyen Translated title: Establecimiento de prioridades en la investigación sobre la salud sexual y reproductiva de los adolescentes en países con ingresos bajos y medios

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          Abstract

          OBJECTIVE: To conduct an expert-led process for identifying research priorities in adolescent sexual and reproductive health in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS: The authors modified the priority-setting method of the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) to obtain input from nearly 300 researchers, health programme managers and donors with wide-ranging backgrounds and experiences and from all geographic regions. In a three-Phase process, they asked these experts to: (i) rank outcome areas in order of importance; (ii) formulate research questions within each area, and (iii) rank the formulated questions. FINDINGS: Seven areas of adolescent sexual and reproductive health were identified as important: (i) maternal health; (ii) contraception; (iii) gender-based violence; (iv) treatment and care of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; (v) abortion; (vi) integration of family planning and HIV-related services and (vii) sexually transmitted infections. Experts generated from 30 to 40 research questions in each area, and to prioritize these questions, they applied five criteria focused on: clarity, answerability, impact, implementation and relevance for equity. Rankings were based on overall mean scores derived by averaging the scores for individual criteria. Experts agreed strongly on the relative importance of the questions in each area. CONCLUSION: Research questions on the prevalence of conditions affecting adolescents are giving way to research questions on the scale-up of existing interventions and the development of new ones. CHNRI methods can be used by donors and health programme managers to prioritize research on adolescent sexual and reproductive health.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIF: Établir un processus, sous la direction d'experts, visant à identifier les priorités de la recherche en matière de santé sexuelle et reproductive chez l'adolescent dans les pays à revenu faible et moyen. MÉTHODES: Les auteurs ont modifié la méthode d'établissement des priorités de l'Initiative pour la recherche en santé et nutrition infantiles (CHNRI) afin d'obtenir la contribution de près de 300 chercheurs, gestionnaires de programmes de santé et donateurs, de formation et d'expérience très diverses, et provenant de toutes les régions géographiques. Dans le cadre d'un processus en trois phases, ils ont demandé à ces experts de: (i) classer les domaines de résultats par ordre d'importance, (ii) formuler des questions de recherche au sein de chaque domaine, et (iii) classer les questions formulées. RÉSULTATS: Sept domaines de la santé sexuelle et reproductive des adolescents ont été identifiés comme importants: (i) la santé maternelle;(ii) la contraception; (iii) la violence sexiste; (iv) le traitement et les soins des patients infectés par le virus de immunodéficience humaine (VIH);(v) l'avortement; (vi) l'intégration de la planification familiale et des services liés au VIH et (vii) les infections sexuellement transmissibles. Les experts ont généré de 30 à 40 questions de recherche dans chaque domaine. Pour déterminer le caractère prioritaire de ces questions, ils ont appliqué cinq critères: clarté, capacité de réponse, impact, mise en uvre et pertinence en termes d'équité. Les classements se basaient sur les scores moyens généraux, dérivés de la moyenne des scores pour les critères individuels. Les experts étaient entièrement d'accord sur l'importance relative des questions dans chaque domaine. CONCLUSION: Les questions de recherche sur la prévalence des maladies qui affectent les adolescents cèdent la place à des questions de recherche sur l'intensification des interventions existantes et le développement de nouvelles interventions. Les méthodes de la CHNRI peuvent être utilisées par les donateurs et les gestionnaires de programmes de santé pour fixer les priorités de la recherche sur la santé sexuelle et reproductive chez les adolescents.

          Translated abstract

          OBJETIVO: Llevar a cabo un proceso dirigido por expertos a fin de identificar las prioridades en la investigación sobre la salud sexual y reproductiva de los adolescentes en países con ingresos bajos y medios. MÉTODOS: Los autores modificaron el método de establecimiento de prioridades de la Iniciativa de Salud del Nino e Investigación Nutricional para conseguir la contribución de casi 300 investigadores, gestores de programas sanitarios y donantes con diversas trayectorias y experiencias y procedentes de todas las regiones geográficas. En un proceso que constó de tres fases, se solicitó a dichos expertos que: (i) clasificaran las áreas de resultados según su importancia; (ii) formularan temas de investigación en cada área y (iii) clasificaran los temas formulados. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron como importantes siete áreas de la salud sexual y reproductiva de los adolescentes: (i) la salud materna; (ii) la anticoncepción; (iii) la violencia de género; (iv) el tratamiento y cuidado de los pacientes con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH); (v) el aborto; (vi) la unificación de la planificación familiar y los servicios relacionados con el VIH y (vii) las infecciones de transmisión sexual. Los expertos crearon entre 30 y 40 temas de investigación en cada área y, con objeto de priorizar dichos temas, aplicaron cinco criterios: claridad, responsabilidad, impacto, aplicación y pertinencia para la equidad. Las clasificaciones se basaron en las puntuaciones medias globales obtenidas al calcular el promedio de las puntuaciones de los criterios individuales. Los expertos coincidieron en la importancia relativa de los temas en cada área. CONCLUSIÓN: Los temas de investigación sobre el predominio de las situaciones que afectan a los adolescentes dan paso a temas que tratan tanto la ampliación de las intervenciones existentes como el desarrollo de nuevas intervenciones. Tanto donantes como gestoresde programas sanitarios pueden emplear los métodos de la Iniciativa de Salud del Nino e Investigación Nutricional para establecer las prioridades en la investigación sobre la salud sexual y reproductiva de los adolescentes.

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          Most cited references36

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          Global burden of disease in young people aged 10-24 years: a systematic analysis.

          Young people aged 10-24 years represent 27% of the world's population. Although important health problems and risk factors for disease in later life emerge in these years, the contribution to the global burden of disease is unknown. We describe the global burden of disease arising in young people and the contribution of risk factors to that burden. We used data from WHO's 2004 Global Burden of Disease study. Cause-specific disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for young people aged 10-24 years were estimated by WHO region on the basis of available data for incidence, prevalence, severity, and mortality. WHO member states were classified into low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries, and into WHO regions. We estimated DALYs attributable to specific global health risk factors using the comparative risk assessment method. DALYs were divided into years of life lost because of premature mortality (YLLs) and years lost because of disability (YLDs), and are presented for regions by sex and by 5-year age groups. The total number of incident DALYs in those aged 10-24 years was about 236 million, representing 15·5% of total DALYs for all age groups. Africa had the highest rate of DALYs for this age group, which was 2·5 times greater than in high-income countries (208 vs 82 DALYs per 1000 population). Across regions, DALY rates were 12% higher in girls than in boys between 15 and 19 years (137 vs 153). Worldwide, the three main causes of YLDs for 10-24-year-olds were neuropsychiatric disorders (45%), unintentional injuries (12%), and infectious and parasitic diseases (10%). The main risk factors for incident DALYs in 10-24-year-olds were alcohol (7% of DALYs), unsafe sex (4%), iron deficiency (3%), lack of contraception (2%), and illicit drug use (2%). The health of young people has been largely neglected in global public health because this age group is perceived as healthy. However, opportunities for prevention of disease and injury in this age group are not fully exploited. The findings from this study suggest that adolescent health would benefit from increased public health attention. None. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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            WHO guidelines on preventing early pregnancy and poor reproductive outcomes among adolescents in developing countries.

            Adolescent pregnancy and its consequences represent a major public health concern in many low-middle income countries of the world. The World Health Organization has recently developed evidence-based guidelines addressing six areas: preventing early marriage; preventing early pregnancy through sexuality education, increasing education opportunities and economic and social support programs; increasing the use of contraception; reducing coerced sex; preventing unsafe abortion; and increasing the use of prenatal care childbirth and postpartum care. In each of these areas, World Health Organization recommends directions for future research. The summary concludes with a brief look at global and regional initiatives that provide a window of opportunity for stepping up action in this important area.
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              Setting Research Priorities to Reduce Almost One Million Deaths from Birth Asphyxia by 2015

              Joy Lawn and colleagues used a systematic process developed by the Child Health Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) to define and rank research options to reduce mortality from intrapartum-related neonatal deaths (birth asphyxia) by the year 2015.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bwho
                Bulletin of the World Health Organization
                Bull World Health Organ
                World Health Organization (Genebra )
                0042-9686
                January 2013
                : 91
                : 1
                : 10-18
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Johns Hopkins University USA
                [2 ] World Health Organization Switzerland
                Article
                S0042-96862013000100007
                10.2471/BLT.12.107565
                3537249
                23397346
                e68c88ea-323b-439d-97cd-15eba69a6624

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Public Health

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0042-9686&lng=en
                Categories
                Health Policy & Services

                Public health
                Public health

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