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      Solitary Testicular Metastasis of Prostate Cancer Mimicking Primary Testicular Cancer

      case-report

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          Abstract

          We report a rare case of testicular metastasis from prostate cancer. A 68-year-old patient presented with a right testicular mass with discomfort. He had a history of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and had received adjuvant radiation therapy and had been treated with androgen deprivation therapy continuously at another institution. We performed a right inguinal orchiectomy. The testicular mass was diagnosed as a metastasis from prostate carcinoma.

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          Secondary neoplasms of the male genital tract with different patterns of involvement in adults and children.

          S Baithun, N Dutt, Paul A Bates (2000)
          The incidence, presentation and macroscopic and histological features of secondary neoplasms of the male genital tract are described with reference to their differential diagnosis. A retrospective study of cases from the Royal London Hospital yielded a total of 31 secondary neoplasms involving the testis: 14 at postmortem examination and 17 surgical specimens. Nine cases were leukaemias: six acute lymphoblastic and two acute myeloid leukaemias in children, and one chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in an adult. The commonest primary sites of metastases to the testis were prostate (six cases), stomach (five cases) and lung (three cases). There were two malignant melanomas and isolated examples of metastases from the adrenal gland (neuroblastoma), cerebellum (medulloblastoma), soft tissue (alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma), pancreas and rectum. Of the metastases from solid tumours, 12 involved the right testis only, three involved the left and four were bilateral. In seven of these cases there were multiple testicular nodules, in seven there was a single mass, and in the rest there was diffuse involvement. Secondary neoplasms represented 4.6% of all testicular neoplasms at autopsy, and 1.6% in surgical specimens. There were five secondary penile neoplasms: two each from the pancreas and prostate and one from the bladder. Two neoplasms metastatic to the spermatic cord, both from a gastric primary, were included in the series. Secondary neoplasms of the testis occur with a frequency comparable to other sites in the genitourinary tract, and metastases to the spermatic cord, epididymis, and penis, are rare in comparison. Disseminated neoplasms rarely present initially at this site and are histologically distinctive in adults, but in children they must be distinguished from primary small round blue cell tumours.
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            Prostate carcinoma with testicular or penile metastases. Clinical, pathologic, and immunohistochemical features.

            D Bhowmick, C Logothetis, April Maa … (2002)
            Despite the proximity, prostate carcinoma seldom metastasizes to the penis or testis. In the current study, the authors retrospectively examined the clinical history of 12 patients with prostate carcinoma and testicular or penile metastases. Pathologic review and immunohistochemical staining were performed on tumors from eight of these patients. Patients with prostate carcinoma and testicular or penile metastasis responded to androgen ablative therapy (median duration, 33 months). They were predisposed to developing persistent or recurrent urinary symptoms and visceral metastases. Six of 9 evaluable patients had elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels (> 6 ng/mL), whereas 2 of 10 patients had low or undetectable serum prostate specific antigen levels (< 4 ng/mL). In seven of the eight patients for whom specimens were available, the tumors were found to contain histologic features that were compatible with a diagnosis of ductal or endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Patients with prostate carcinoma and testicular or penile metastases have unique clinical and pathologic characteristics. Many of these patients' tumors are compatible with a subtype of prostate carcinoma known as ductal adenocarcinoma. Further studies need to be performed to elucidate the biologic basis of the various histologic subtypes of prostate carcinoma.
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              Metastatic cancer to the testes: a report of 20 cases and review of the literature.

              S R Patel, R Richardson, L. Kvols (1989)
              Metastatic carcinoma to the testis is an extremely rare but interesting phenomenon. A variety of neoplasms have been reported to involve the testis metastatically. We report our experience with 20 cases of unilateral and bilateral testicular metastases during an 11-year period and review the relevant literature.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Korean J Urol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): KJU
                Title: Korean Journal of Urology
                Publisher: The Korean Urological Association
                ISSN (Print): 2005-6737
                ISSN (Electronic): 2005-6745
                Publication date (Print): October 2011
                Publication date (Electronic): 19 October 2011
                Volume: 52
                Issue: 10
                Pages: 718-720
                Affiliations
                Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
                Author notes
                Corresponding Author: Tae-Hwan Kim. Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, 474, Hakjeongdong, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-210, Korea. TEL: +82-53-200-3012, FAX: +82-53-200-2027, doctork@ 123456knu.ac.kr
                Article
                DOI: 10.4111/kju.2011.52.10.718
                PMC ID: 3212669
                PubMed ID: 22087369
                SO-VID: dca18304-e378-4452-8776-4b42ce78e455
                Copyright © © The Korean Urological Association, 2011
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 21 June 2011
                Date accepted : 14 July 2011
                Categories
                Subject: Case Report

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Urology
                Keywords: prostate neoplasms,neoplasm metastasis,testicular neoplasms
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Urology
                Keywords: prostate neoplasms, neoplasm metastasis, testicular neoplasms

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