Revisión de los restos óseos humanos del sitio La Petrona (Transición Pampeano-Patagónica oriental, Argentina)  <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: A review of the human bone remains from La Petrona site (Eastern Pampean-Patagonian transition, Argentina) </span>

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Abstract

La arqueología del curso inferior del río Colorado (transición Pampeano-Patagónica Oriental) contó con su primer trabajo sistemático a partir de la excavación del sitio La Petrona (sur de la provincia de Buenos Aires). El registro óseo humano recuperado del sitio fue objeto de un análisis bioarqueológico que es retomado en este trabajo. En este sentido, se re-analizan las modalidades de entierro, la frecuencia de las unidades anatómicas representadas, el NMI, el sexo y edad de los mismos, las paleopatologías y la tafonomía. Los resultados de estas vías de análisis permitieron lograr un nuevo estado de la cuestión para algunas de estas variables, redefinir la cronología del sitio (Holoceno tardío final) y desarrollar un escenario que permite abordar temas referidos a las prácticas de inhumación, a la complejidad en el tratamiento de los muertos y su vinculación con el uso recurrente de ciertos sectores del paisaje.

Translated abstract

The first systematic archaeological work carried out in the lower basin of the Colorado River (Eastern Pampean-Patagonian transition, southern Buenos Aires province) was the excavation of La Petrona site. The most outstanding findings were the primary and secondary burials, which were previously published (Martínez and Figuerero Torres, 2000). In this paper, a re-analyses of the human bones that make up these burials is carried out. Burial modalities, frequency of represented skeletal parts, MNI that compose the burials, sex and age, paleopathologies, as well as taphonomic information are presented. As a result of these analyses, new information about the site emerges leading to a revision of the chronology (Final Late Holocene), and to the discussion of issues such as inhumation practices, complex scenarios in corpse treatment and manipulation, and their relationship with the recurrent use of places throughout the landscape.

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Taphonomic and ecologic information from bone weathering

Anna K. Behrensmeyer (1978)

Bones of recent mammals in the Amboseli Basin, southern Kenya, exhibit distinctive weathering characteristics that can be related to the time since death and to the local conditions of temperature, humidity and soil chemistry. A categorization of weathering characteristics into six stages, recognizable on descriptive criteria, provides a basis for investigation of weathering rates and processes. The time necessary to achieve each successive weathering stage has been calibrated using known-age carcasses. Most bones decompose beyond recognition in 10 to 15 yr. Bones of animals under 100 kg and juveniles appear to weather more rapidly than bones of large animals or adults. Small-scale rather than widespread environmental factors seem to have greatest influence on weathering characteristics and rates. Bone weathering is potentially valuable as evidence for the period of time represented in recent or fossil bone assemblages, including those on archeological sites, and may also be an important tool in censusing populations of animals in modern ecosystems.