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      Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Physical and Psychological Health: Lifestyle as a Mediator

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          Abstract

          Health is correlated to people’s socioeconomic status (SES) and lifestyle. This study examined the impact of SES on respondents’ physical and psychological health. Moreover, we explored the potential mediating effect of lifestyle on the relationship between SES and health. The participants were 986 respondents from the 2015 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypothesized relationship between the variables. The results indicated that SES had a significant impact on people’s physical health, but the impact of SES on psychological health was not significant. Lifestyle had significant positive effects on both physical and psychological health. In addition, lifestyle mediated the relationship between SES and health. This research is helpful in gaining a better understanding of the relationship and mediating mechanism between SES, lifestyle, and health. It is recommended that research with longitudinal design and comprehensive indicators be undertaken in the future.

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          Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives

          Li‐tze Hu, Peter M. Bentler (1999)
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            Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health in 22 European Countries

            Johan P Mackenbach, Irina Stirbu, Albert-Jan R Roskam … (2008)
            Comparisons among countries can help to identify opportunities for the reduction of inequalities in health. We compared the magnitude of inequalities in mortality and self-assessed health among 22 countries in all parts of Europe. We obtained data on mortality according to education level and occupational class from census-based mortality studies. Deaths were classified according to cause, including common causes, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer; causes related to smoking; causes related to alcohol use; and causes amenable to medical intervention, such as tuberculosis and hypertension. Data on self-assessed health, smoking, and obesity according to education and income were obtained from health or multipurpose surveys. For each country, the association between socioeconomic status and health outcomes was measured with the use of regression-based inequality indexes. In almost all countries, the rates of death and poorer self-assessments of health were substantially higher in groups of lower socioeconomic status, but the magnitude of the inequalities between groups of higher and lower socioeconomic status was much larger in some countries than in others. Inequalities in mortality were small in some southern European countries and very large in most countries in the eastern and Baltic regions. These variations among countries appeared to be attributable in part to causes of death related to smoking or alcohol use or amenable to medical intervention. The magnitude of inequalities in self-assessed health also varied substantially among countries, but in a different pattern. We observed variation across Europe in the magnitude of inequalities in health associated with socioeconomic status. These inequalities might be reduced by improving educational opportunities, income distribution, health-related behavior, or access to health care. Copyright 2008 Massachusetts Medical Society.
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              Internationally Comparable Measures of Occupational Status for the 1988 International Standard Classification of Occupations

              Harry Ganzeboom, Donald Treiman (1996)
              Article 0 comments Cited 334 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Int J Environ Res Public Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Int J Environ Res Public Health
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ijerph
                Title: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Print): 1661-7827
                ISSN (Electronic): 1660-4601
                Publication date (Electronic): 20 January 2019
                Publication date (Print): January 2019
                Volume: 16
                Issue: 2
                Electronic Location Identifier: 281
                Affiliations
                School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; dr.jianwang@ 123456smail.nju.edu.cn
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: gengliuna@ 123456nju.edu.cn ; Tel.: +86-025-89680960-310
                Article
                Publisher ID: ijerph-16-00281
                DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16020281
                PMC ID: 6352250
                PubMed ID: 30669511
                SO-VID: bcd31ed1-e4ec-4cf4-847c-edaa9c9c34fe
                Copyright © © 2019 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 24 December 2018
                Date accepted : 17 January 2019
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: socioeconomic status,lifestyle,physical health,psychological health
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: socioeconomic status, lifestyle, physical health, psychological health

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