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      Virucidal effect against Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 of a silver nanocluster/silica composite sputtered coating

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          Abstract

          During the current pandemic of COVID-19 caused by the new Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the confinement measures slowed down the contagion, but did not completely avoid the disease diffusion for health workers, patients and the remaining population. The individual protection equipment (e.g. facial masks), filters for air conditioning systems and for medical respiratory devices do not possess an intrinsic antimicrobial/virucidal action and they are susceptible to microbial/viral colonization. An efficient antimicrobial/virucidal technology on air filtering media is crucial for maintaining a safe air environment and protecting people, in particular when lockdown is eased. This short communication reports about the virucidal effect, preliminary verified towards Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, of a silver nanocluster/silica composite sputtered coating, directly applicated on a FFP3 mask.

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          Highlights

          • •

            Sputtered antimicrobial/virucidal silver nanoclusters/silica composite coating.

          • •

            SARS-COV-2 titre reduction till zero on coated face mask.

          • •

            Suitable for coating several air filters and other surfaces.

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          Most cited references11

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          Is Open Access

          Silver Nanoparticles as Potential Antiviral Agents

          Stefania Galdiero, Annarita Falanga, Mariateresa Vitiello … (2011)
          Virus infections pose significant global health challenges, especially in view of the fact that the emergence of resistant viral strains and the adverse side effects associated with prolonged use continue to slow down the application of effective antiviral therapies. This makes imperative the need for the development of safe and potent alternatives to conventional antiviral drugs. In the present scenario, nanoscale materials have emerged as novel antiviral agents for the possibilities offered by their unique chemical and physical properties. Silver nanoparticles have mainly been studied for their antimicrobial potential against bacteria, but have also proven to be active against several types of viruses including human imunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, herpes simplex virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and monkey pox virus. The use of metal nanoparticles provides an interesting opportunity for novel antiviral therapies. Since metals may attack a broad range of targets in the virus there is a lower possibility to develop resistance as compared to conventional antivirals. The present review focuses on the development of methods for the production of silver nanoparticles and on their use as antiviral therapeutics against pathogenic viruses.
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            Silver nanoparticles as an effective disinfectant: A review

            S.P. Deshmukh, S.M. Patil, S.B. Mullani … (2018)
            The paradigm modifications in the metallic crystals from bulky to micro-size to nano-scale have resulted in excellent and amazing properties; which have been the remarkable interests in a wider range of applications. Particularly, Ag NPs have much attention owing to their distinctive optical, chemical, electrical and catalytic properties that can be tuned with surface nature, size, shapes, etc. and hence these crystals have been used in various fields such as catalysis, sensor, electronic components, antimicrobial agents in the health industry etc. Among them, Ag NPs based disinfectants have paid attention due to the practical applications in our daily life. Therefore the Ag NPs have been used in different sectors such as silver-based air/water filters, textile, animal husbandry, biomedical and food packaging etc. In this review, the Ag NPs as a disinfectant in different sectors have been included in detail.
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              Inhibitory effects of silver nanoparticles on H1N1 influenza A virus in vitro.

              Dong-xi Xiang, Qian Qian Chen, Lin Pang … (2011)
              Silver nanoparticles have demonstrated efficient inhibitory activities against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, the effects of silver nanoparticles against H1N1 influenza A virus remain unexplored. In this study, the interaction of silver nanoparticles with H1N1 influenza A virus was investigated. Silver nanoparticles with mean particle diameters of 10nm were prepared for the hemagglutination inhibition test, the embryo inoculation assay, and the Mosmann-based 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, where these tests were used to determine the inhibitory activity of silver nanoparticles on H1N1 influenza A virus. MDCK cells were used as the infection model. Electron microscopy analysis and flow cytometry assay were used to determine whether silver nanoparticles could reduce H1N1 influenza A virus-induced apoptosis in MDCK cells. This study demonstrates that silver nanoparticles have anti-H1N1 influenza A virus activities. The inhibitory effects of silver nanoparticles on influenza A virus may be a novel clinical strategy for the prevention of influenza virus infection during the early dissemination stage of the virus. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Cristina Balagna
                Journal
                Title: Open Ceramics
                Publisher: Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Ceramic Society.
                ISSN (Print): 2666-5395
                ISSN (Electronic): 2666-5395
                Publication date PMC-release: 6 June 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 6 June 2020
                Electronic Location Identifier: 100006
                Affiliations
                [a ]Dept. of Applied Science and Technology-Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
                [b ]Molecular Virology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi, 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Corresponding author. cristina.balagna@ 123456polito.it
                Article
                Publisher ID: S2666-5395(20)30006-7 Publisher ID: 100006
                DOI: 10.1016/j.oceram.2020.100006
                PMC ID: 7274986
                SO-VID: 9fc7bc43-210f-43b8-8439-0e55e33866e4
                Copyright © © 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Ceramic Society.
                License:

                Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

                History
                Date received : 28 May 2020
                Date revision received : 3 June 2020
                Date accepted : 3 June 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Article

                Keywords: antiviral,sars-cov-2,silver nanoclusters,coating,sputtering
                Data availability:
                Keywords: antiviral, sars-cov-2, silver nanoclusters, coating, sputtering

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