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      Heterotopic Ossification: Radiological and Pathological Review

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          Abstract

          Background

          Heterotopic Ossification (HO) is a common condition referring to ectopic bone formation in soft tissues. It has two major etiologies, acquired (more common) and genetic. The acquired form is closely related to tissue trauma. The exact pathogenesis of this disease remains unclear; however, there is ongoing research in prophylactic and therapeutic treatments that is promising.

          Conclusions

          Due to HO potential to cause disability, it is so important to differentiate it from other causes in order to establish the best possible management.

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          Most cited references94

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          Osteosarcoma.

          J. Ritter, S.S. Bielack (2010)
          The successful treatment of patients with osteosarcoma requires close cooperation within an experienced multidisciplinary team including pediatric or medical oncologists, surgeons, pathologists and radiologists. Therefore, therapy should be performed in specialized centers able to provide access to the full spectrum of care. As in other rare malignancies, treatment should be administered within prospective multicenter trials. Therapy must include complete surgical removal of all detectable tumor sites as well as multiagent chemotherapy. The chemotherapy regimen should include several or all of the following four drugs: doxorubicin, high-dose methotrexate with leukovorin-rescue, cisplatin and ifosfamide. Preoperative (neoadjuvant) plus postoperative (adjuvant) polychemotherapy should be preferred, because it allows preparation for safe surgery and preparation of the appropriate prosthesis for the individual patient. The choice of the postponed definitive surgical procedure should be influenced by the anatomical site of the primary tumor, its relationship to neighboring structures, such as vessels and nerves, age and growth potential of the patient, and probably also by the response of the tumor to preoperative chemotherapy. A major, as yet unsolved, problem is the dismal prognosis for patients with unresectable or relapsed osteosarcomas. Novel approaches are needed in order to improve their prognosis.
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            A recurrent mutation in the BMP type I receptor ACVR1 causes inherited and sporadic fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.

            Eileen Shore, Meiqi Xu, George Feldman … (2006)
            Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder of skeletal malformations and progressive extraskeletal ossification. We mapped FOP to chromosome 2q23-24 by linkage analysis and identified an identical heterozygous mutation (617G --> A; R206H) in the glycine-serine (GS) activation domain of ACVR1, a BMP type I receptor, in all affected individuals examined. Protein modeling predicts destabilization of the GS domain, consistent with constitutive activation of ACVR1 as the underlying cause of the ectopic chondrogenesis, osteogenesis and joint fusions seen in FOP.
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              Ectopic ossification following total hip replacement. Incidence and a method of classification.

              A Brooker, J Bowerman, R A Robinson … (1973)
              Article 0 comments Cited 301 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Radiol Oncol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Radiol Oncol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): raon
                Journal ID (pmc): raon
                Title: Radiology and Oncology
                Publisher: Sciendo
                ISSN (Print): 1318-2099
                ISSN (Electronic): 1581-3207
                Publication date Collection: September 2019
                Publication date (Electronic): 24 September 2019
                Volume: 53
                Issue: 3
                Pages: 275-284
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, USA
                [2 ]The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston USA
                Author notes
                [* ] Ahmed Taher, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, T. boone Pickens Academic Tower, 1400 Pressler St, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Phone: 832-863-6551; Fax: 713-563-6633, artaher@ 123456mdanderson.org ahmedramadantawfik@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: raon-2019-0039
                DOI: 10.2478/raon-2019-0039
                PMC ID: 6765162
                PubMed ID: 31553710
                SO-VID: 9d30db3a-e870-4d6a-8594-a83064e87260
                Copyright © © 2019 Bilal Mujtaba, Ahmed Taher, Matthew J. Fiala, Sameh Nassar, John E. Madewell, Abdelrahman K. Hanafy, Rizwan Aslam, published by Sciendo
                License:

                This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

                History
                Date received : 20 February 2019
                Date accepted : 11 July 2019
                Page count
                Pages: 10
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy
                Keywords: heterotopic ossification,radiology,pathology
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Oncology & Radiotherapy
                Keywords: heterotopic ossification, radiology, pathology

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