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      • Record: found
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      Clinical nursing competency during epidemics: a qualitative content analysis

      research-article
      Author(s): , ,
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: BMC Nursing
      Publisher: BioMed Central
      Keywords: Clinical competence, Nurses, Epidemic, Concept analysis

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          Abstract

          Background

          Nurses are on the frontline for managing epidemic diseases. Different aspects of clinical nursing competencies during epidemics are important issues that need investigation.

          Objectives

          The aim of this study was to determine the required clinical competencies for nurses during epidemics. Understanding these competencies could provide valuable information for health care services and nursing education organizations to prepare nurses for future epidemics.

          Methods

          The qualitative conventional content analysis study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 12 nurses that were actively engaged in providing patient care during COVID-19 pandemic in Shahid Beheshti hospital in Kashan/Iran, from October 2022 to March 2023. The data analysis process was conducted according to 5 steps suggested by Graneheim and Lundman.

          Results

          After analysis, the 159 competencies were derived from interviews that were categorized to 11 subcategories, and three categories of clinical nursing skills in epidemics, knowledge of epidemics, and soft skills for nurses in epidemics.

          Conclusion

          Nurses need wide range of competencies to address the professional expectations regarding providing acceptable care during epidemics. Knowing these competencies can help nursing managers to prepare nurses for crisis such as what world experienced during COVID-19 pandemic.

          Supplementary Information

          The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12912-024-01977-y.

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          Most cited references27

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          Three approaches to qualitative content analysis.

          Hsiu-Fang Hsieh, Sarah Shannon (2016)
          Content analysis is a widely used qualitative research technique. Rather than being a single method, current applications of content analysis show three distinct approaches: conventional, directed, or summative. All three approaches are used to interpret meaning from the content of text data and, hence, adhere to the naturalistic paradigm. The major differences among the approaches are coding schemes, origins of codes, and threats to trustworthiness. In conventional content analysis, coding categories are derived directly from the text data. With a directed approach, analysis starts with a theory or relevant research findings as guidance for initial codes. A summative content analysis involves counting and comparisons, usually of keywords or content, followed by the interpretation of the underlying context. The authors delineate analytic procedures specific to each approach and techniques addressing trustworthiness with hypothetical examples drawn from the area of end-of-life care.
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            Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness.

            U.H. Graneheim, B Lundman (2004)
            Qualitative content analysis as described in published literature shows conflicting opinions and unsolved issues regarding meaning and use of concepts, procedures and interpretation. This paper provides an overview of important concepts (manifest and latent content, unit of analysis, meaning unit, condensation, abstraction, content area, code, category and theme) related to qualitative content analysis; illustrates the use of concepts related to the research procedure; and proposes measures to achieve trustworthiness (credibility, dependability and transferability) throughout the steps of the research procedure. Interpretation in qualitative content analysis is discussed in light of Watzlawick et al.'s [Pragmatics of Human Communication. A Study of Interactional Patterns, Pathologies and Paradoxes. W.W. Norton & Company, New York, London] theory of communication.
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              Application of four-dimension criteria to assess rigour of qualitative research in emergency medicine

              Roberto Forero, Shizar Nahidi, Josephine De Costa … (2018)
              Background The main objective of this methodological manuscript was to illustrate the role of using qualitative research in emergency settings. We outline rigorous criteria applied to a qualitative study assessing perceptions and experiences of staff working in Australian emergency departments. Methods We used an integrated mixed-methodology framework to identify different perspectives and experiences of emergency department staff during the implementation of a time target government policy. The qualitative study comprised interviews from 119 participants across 16 hospitals. The interviews were conducted in 2015–2016 and the data were managed using NVivo version 11. We conducted the analysis in three stages, namely: conceptual framework, comparison and contrast and hypothesis development. We concluded with the implementation of the four-dimension criteria (credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability) to assess the robustness of the study, Results We adapted four-dimension criteria to assess the rigour of a large-scale qualitative research in the emergency department context. The criteria comprised strategies such as building the research team; preparing data collection guidelines; defining and obtaining adequate participation; reaching data saturation and ensuring high levels of consistency and inter-coder agreement. Conclusion Based on the findings, the proposed framework satisfied the four-dimension criteria and generated potential qualitative research applications to emergency medicine research. We have added a methodological contribution to the ongoing debate about rigour in qualitative research which we hope will guide future studies in this topic in emergency care research. It also provided recommendations for conducting future mixed-methods studies. Future papers on this series will use the results from qualitative data and the empirical findings from longitudinal data linkage to further identify factors associated with ED performance; they will be reported separately. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12913-018-2915-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Negin Masoudi Alavi: alavi.negin@yahoo.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Nurs
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Nurs
                Title: BMC Nursing
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1472-6955
                Publication date (Electronic): 3 May 2024
                Publication date PMC-release: 3 May 2024
                Publication date Collection: 2024
                Volume: 23
                Electronic Location Identifier: 306
                Affiliations
                Trauma Nursing Research Center, Faculty of Nursing, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, ( https://ror.org/03dc0dy65) Kashan, Iran
                Article
                Publisher ID: 1977
                DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01977-y
                PMC ID: 11071148
                PubMed ID: 38702690
                SO-VID: 9d1a94ef-04ed-43bf-8254-fa8e7b936147
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2024
                License:

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

                History
                Date received : 2 February 2024
                Date accepted : 26 April 2024
                Categories
                Subject: Research
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Nursing
                Keywords: clinical competence,nurses,epidemic,concept analysis
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Nursing
                Keywords: clinical competence, nurses, epidemic, concept analysis

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