Tendon stem/progenitor cell ageing: Modulation and rejuvenation

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Abstract

Tendon ageing is a complicated process caused by multifaceted pathways and ageing plays a critical role in the occurrence and severity of tendon injury. The role of tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) in tendon maintenance and regeneration has received increasing attention in recent years. The decreased capacity of TSPCs in seniors contributes to impaired tendon functions and raises questions as to what extent these cells either affect, or cause ageing, and whether these age-related cellular alterations are caused by intrinsic factors or the cellular environment. In this review, recent discoveries concerning the biological characteristics of TSPCs and age-related changes in TSPCs, including the effects of cellular epigenetic alterations and the mechanisms involved in the ageing process, are analyzed. During the ageing process, TSPCs ageing might occur as a natural part of the tendon ageing, but could also result from decreased levels of growth factor, hormone deficits and changes in other related factors. Here, we discuss methods that might induce the rejuvenation of TSPC functions that are impaired during ageing, including moderate exercise, cell extracellular matrix condition, growth factors and hormones; these methods aim to rejuvenate the features of youthfulness with the ultimate goal of improving human health during ageing.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Guang-Chun Dai

Ying-Juan Li

Min-Hao Chen

Pan-Pan Lu

Yun-Feng Rui

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): World J Stem Cells

Journal ID (publisher-id): WJSC

Title: World Journal of Stem Cells

Publisher: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc

ISSN (Electronic): 1948-0210

Publication date (Print): 26 September 2019

Publication date (Electronic): 26 September 2019

Volume: 11

Issue: 9

Pages: 677-692

Affiliations

Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing210009, Jiangsu Province, China

Trauma Center, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China

Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China

School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China

Department of Geriatrics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu Province, China

China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China