Recent advances in carbon dots for bioimaging applications

Author(s): Hongxia Li ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Xu Yan ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Deshuai Kong ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Rui Jin ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Chunyan Sun ⁶ ^, ⁷ ^, ³ ^, ⁸ ^, ⁵ , Dan Du ⁹ ^, ¹⁰ ^, ¹¹ ^, ¹² , Yuehe Lin ⁹ ^, ¹⁰ ^, ¹¹ ^, ¹² , Geyu Lu ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵

Publication date (Electronic): 2020

Journal: Nanoscale Horizons

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

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Abstract

This review summarized recent advances in CDs-based bioimaging including in vitro imaging in delivering CDs into different types of cells and in vivo applications in distribution and uptake of CDs, imaging-guild drug delivery and tumor therapeutics.

Abstract

As an important member of fluorescence nanoparticles, carbon dots (CDs) not only possess exceptional chemical properties, including excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity and chemical inertness, but also exhibit promising optical properties, such as broad excitation spectra, tunable emission spectra and high photostability, thus attracting tremendous attention. Over the past decade, applications of CDs in numerous fields have been intensively investigated, ranging from biomedical analysis to optoelectronics and energy. Among these cutting-edge applications, this review article mainly outlines recent advances in the field of CD-based bioimaging and summarizes achievements in two broad categories: in vitro imaging in terms of the approaches to deliver CD-based probes into different types of cells and vital cell organelles, as well as in vivo applications that focus on distribution and uptake of CDs in mice and zebrafish, imaging-guided drug delivery and tumor therapeutics. Furthermore, the potential superiority, challenges and future directions of CDs for imaging are also presented. The purpose of this review is to highlight the importance of CD-based bioimaging and to boost its development in diverse research fields ranging from materials science to biomedicine.

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Electrophoretic analysis and purification of fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotube fragments.

Xiaoyou Xu, Robert C. Ray, Yunlong Gu … (2004)

Arc-synthesized single-walled carbon nanotubes have been purified through preparative electrophoresis in agarose gel and glass bead matrixes. Two major impurities were isolated: fluorescent carbon and short tubular carbon. Analysis of these two classes of impurities was done. The methods described may be readily extended to the separation of other water-soluble nanoparticles. The separated fluorescent carbon and short tubule carbon species promise to be interesting nanomaterials in their own right.

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Carbon quantum dots and their applications.

Shi Lim, Wei Shen, Zhiqiang Gao (2015)

Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles or carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a new class of carbon nanomaterials that have emerged recently and have garnered much interest as potential competitors to conventional semiconductor quantum dots. In addition to their comparable optical properties, CQDs have the desired advantages of low toxicity, environmental friendliness low cost and simple synthetic routes. Moreover, surface passivation and functionalization of CQDs allow for the control of their physicochemical properties. Since their discovery, CQDs have found many applications in the fields of chemical sensing, biosensing, bioimaging, nanomedicine, photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. This article reviews the progress in the research and development of CQDs with an emphasis on their synthesis, functionalization and technical applications along with some discussion on challenges and perspectives in this exciting and promising field.