3
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Determinación de las características clínico-epidemiológicas de la neuroinfeccción en pacientes con diagnóstico de VIH/sida en el departamento del Quindío Translated title: Determination of clinical and epidemiological features of neuroinfection in patients with diagnosis of HIV-AIDS in the department of Quindío

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Objetivo general. Describir las características clínico-epidemiológicas y etiológicas de la neuroinfección de los pacientes con VIH del departamento del Quindío. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo prospectivo de los pacientes con VIH y sospecha de neuroinfección de una Empresa Social del Estado de tercer nivel de Armenia. En el departamento del Quindío no se han reportado protocolos diagnósticos que correlacionen el costo-beneficio de los diferentes esquemas de manejo pacientes con VIH y una infección asociada del sistema nervioso central. Todos los pacientes que consultaron a la Empresa Social del Estado de tercer nivel de Armenia con dos pruebas positivas de ELISA anti-VIH o una prueba de Western blot positiva, con sospecha de enfermedad del sistema nervioso central concomitante. Se realizaron las siguientes pruebas de laboratorio en líquido cefalorraquídeo: VDRL, determinación de antígeno criptocococico mediante sistema de aglutinación de latex (Cryptococcal Antigen Latex Agglutination System (CALAS) , tinta china, coloración de Ziehl-Neelsen, cultivo de hongos, PCR para citomegalovirus y herpes simple, e IgG anti-Toxoplasma sérica; a todos los pacientes se les practicó tomografía cerebral simple. Resultados. De los 21 pacientes estudiados, 85,7% eran hombres; el rango de edad fue de 23 a 68 años. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: fiebre, compromiso de la conciencia u orientación, paresias, parestesias, compromiso de pares craneanos y reflejos neurológicos alterados. El 89% de pacientes con lesión que ocupa espacio se encontró IgG anti-Toxoplasma positiva (155-887,2UI/ml.) y los valores de los pacientes con reporte de tomografía cerebral simple normal oscilaron entre 13,8 y 36 UI/ml. Discusión. La tomografía cerebral simple, los anticuerpos séricos IgG anti-Toxoplasma y la coloración con tinta china en líquido cefalorraquídeo, permitieron diagnosticar el 85% de los pacientes.

          Translated abstract

          Objective: To describe clinical, epidemiological and etiological characteristics of neuroinfection in HIV patients from Quindío department. Materials and methods: A descriptive-prospective study was carried out in HIV positive patients with neuroinfection suspicion from a third level ESE of Armenia. In Quindío department have not been reported diagnostic protocols that correlate the cost-benefit of the various schemes of handling patients with HIV infection associated with the central nervous system (CNS). All the patients that consulted the third level ESE of Armenia with two positive anti-HIV ELISA tests or positive a Western Blot test with suspicion of concomitant CNS illness. The following laboratory tests were performed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): VDRL, Chinese ink, Ziehl-Nielsen stain, fungi cultures, CMV and Herpes simplex PCR, serum IgG anti-Toxoplasma, andCryptococcal Antigen Latex Agglutination System (CALAS); a simple cerebral CT scan was taken to all patients. Results: 85.7% of the patients were men; the age rank was between 23 and 68 years. The most frequently found symptoms were: fever, consciousness and orientation compromise, paresis, paresthesia, cranial pairs compromise, and altered neurological reflexes. 89% of the patients with brain space occupying lesions were IgG anti-Toxoplasma positive( values between 155 and 887.2 UI/ml) and the antibodies values in patients without cerebral lesion in the simple cerebral CT scan oscillated between 13.8 and 36 UI/ml. Discussion: Simple cerebral CT scan, serum IgG anti-Toxoplasma and staining of CSF with Chinese ink allowed the diagnosis of 85% of the patients

          Related collections

          Most cited references35

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Clinical presentation, natural history, and cumulative death rates of 230 adults with primary cryptococcal meningitis in Zambian AIDS patients treated under local conditions.

          Inpatient medical wards, Department of Medicine, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia. To define the natural history, clinical presentation, and management outcome of microbiologically confirmed cryptococcal meningitis in adult AIDS patients treated under local conditions where antifungal and antiretroviral therapies are not routinely available. A descriptive, longitudinal, observational study. All adult patients admitted to the medical wards of the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia with cerebrospinal fluid culture proved, primary cryptococcal meningitis, during a 12 month period were enrolled into the study. The following details were acquired: clinical features, HIV status, laboratory data, treatment accorded, and survival. A total of 230 patients with primary cryptococcal meningitis were studied (median age 32 years; range 15-65 years; 112 males, 118 females). Cryptococcal meningitis was the first AIDS defining illness in 210 (91%) patients. One hundred and thirty of the 230 (56%) patients had received treatment with fluconazole monotherapy and 100 (43%) patients received palliative care only without any antifungal therapy. A 100% case fatality rate was observed in both groups at follow up: by seven weeks in the untreated group and at six months in the fluconazole treated group. The cumulative median survival from time of diagnosis was 19 days (range 1-164 days) for the fluconazole treated group and 10 days (range 0-42 days) for the untreated group. Cryptococcal meningitis, under current treatment accorded at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, has a 100% mortality in young Zambian adults with AIDS. The current treatment accorded to Zambian adults with cryptococcal meningitis is inappropriate. An urgent need exists to improve strategies for the clinical management of AIDS patients in poor African countries. The wider ethical and operational issues of making available antifungals to African AIDS patients are discussed.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Focal neurological disease in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

            D Skiest (2002)
            Focal neurological disease in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome may be caused by various opportunistic pathogens and malignancies, including Toxoplasma gondii, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein-Barr virus-related primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. Diagnosis may be difficult, because the findings of lumbar puncture, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging are relatively nonspecific. Newer techniques have led to improved diagnostic accuracy of these conditions. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of cerebrospinal fluid specimens is useful for diagnosis of PML, CNS lymphoma, and CMV encephalitis. Recent studies have indicated the diagnostic utility of new neuroimaging techniques, such as single-photon emission CT and positron emission tomography. The combination of PCR and neuroimaging techniques may obviate the need for brain biopsy in selected cases. However, stereotactic brain biopsy, which is associated with relatively low morbidity rates, remains the reference standard for diagnosis. Highly active antiretroviral therapy has improved the prognosis of several focal CNS processes, most notably toxoplasmosis, PML, and CMV encephalitis.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Use of a Small Molecule CCR5 Inhibitor in Macaques to Treat Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection or Prevent Simian–Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

              Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) fuses with cells after sequential interactions between its envelope glycoproteins, CD4 and a coreceptor, usually CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) or CXC receptor 4 (CXCR4). CMPD 167 is a CCR5-specific small molecule with potent antiviral activity in vitro. We show that CMPD 167 caused a rapid and substantial (4–200-fold) decrease in plasma viremia in six rhesus macaques chronically infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strains SIVmac251 or SIVB670, but not in an animal infected with the X4 simian–human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV), SHIV-89.6P. In three of the SIV-infected animals, viremia reduction was sustained. In one, there was a rapid, but partial, rebound and in another, there was a rapid and complete rebound. There was a substantial delay (>21 d) between the end of therapy and the onset of full viremia rebound in two animals. We also evaluated whether vaginal administration of gel-formulated CMPD 167 could prevent vaginal transmission of the R5 virus, SHIV-162P4. Complete protection occurred in only 2 of 11 animals, but early viral replication was significantly less in the 11 CMPD 167-recipients than in 9 controls receiving carrier gel. These findings support the development of small molecule CCR5 inhibitors as antiviral therapies, and possibly as components of a topical microbicide to prevent HIV-1 sexual transmission.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                inf
                Infectio
                Infect.
                Asociación Colombiana de Infectología. (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0123-9392
                December 2007
                : 11
                : 4
                : 173-182
                Affiliations
                [02] Armenia orgnameHospital Universitario San Juan de Dios orgdiv1Departamento de Medicina Interna Colombia
                [01] Armenia orgnameUniversidad del Quindío orgdiv1Grupo Inmunología Molecular (GYMOL) Colombia
                Article
                S0123-93922007000400004 S0123-9392(07)01100404
                7842e79b-da95-41d8-acf3-09d41624d828

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 21 February 2008
                : 16 January 2008
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 35, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                Artículos originales

                AIDS,toxoplasmosis,neuroinfection,HIV,neuroinfección,VIH,sida
                AIDS, toxoplasmosis, neuroinfection, HIV, neuroinfección, VIH, sida

                Comments

                Comment on this article