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      Trichinella Infection in Wildlife of Northeast of Iran

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          Abstract

          Background

          The objective of this investigation was to detect the presence of Trichinella in some carnivores of Mashhad in northeast of Iran and to identify Trichinella species circulating in this area.

          Methods

          The present study was carried out using muscle tissue collected from 120 stray dogs, 26 wild boars, 25 rodents, two foxes and two hyenas captured in Mashhad City, province of Khorasan Razavi, Iran.

          Results

          Trichinella larvae were detected in three stray dogs by artificial digestion and compression. All larvae were identified as T. britovi using multiplex PCR.

          Conclusion

          This is the first report of identification of T. britovi in stray dog in Iran.

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          Most cited references15

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          Hosts and habitats of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi in Europe.

          E Pozio, L Rinaldi, G Marucci … (2009)
          Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi are the two most common species of Trichinella circulating in Europe. Based on data provided to the International Trichinella Reference Centre over the past 20 years (data referring to 540 isolates of T. spiralis and 776 isolates of T. britovi), we describe the host species and habitat characteristics for these two pathogens in Europe. A Geographical Information System was constructed using administrative boundaries, a Corine Land Cover (CLC) map, and an elevation map. In most countries, T. britovi is more widespread (62.5-100% of the isolates) than T. spiralis (0.0-37.5%), although in Finland, Germany, Poland and Spain, T. spiralis is more prevalent (56.3-84.2% of the isolates). Trichinella britovi is more widespread than T. spiralis in sylvatic carnivores (89% versus 11%), whereas T. spiralis is prevalent in both wild boars (62% versus 38%) and domestic swine (82% versus 18%), as well as in rodents (75% versus 25%). Trichinella spiralis and T. britovi circulate in the same environments: 41.1% and 46.0%, respectively, in agricultural areas, and 45.5% and 46.6% in forested and semi-natural areas. Although both pathogens can be transmitted by domestic and sylvatic cycles, their epidemiology is strongly influenced by the higher adaptability of T. spiralis to swine and of T. britovi to carnivores. These results are important because they include information on the countries at risk for these pathogens, the role played by specific species as reservoirs, the role of the pathogens in domestic and sylvatic cycles, and the role of the habitat in their circulation. The results can also be used to identify the most suitable animal species for the monitoring of these pathogens in Europe.
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            The epidemiology of human trichinellosis in China during 2000-2003.

            J Cui, Q. Wang, B Xu (2006)
            The endemic foci of trichinellosis continue to be mainly located in the southwestern, the central and northeastern China. The seroepidemiological surveys of T. spiralis infection in humans were carried out in six Provinces or Municipals (P/M) of China during 2000-2003, the overall seroprevalence was 3.57%. From 2000 to 2003, 17 outbreaks of human trichinellosis, with 828 cases and 11 deaths, were recorded in 8 P/A of China. All of 11 deaths occurred in the southwestern China (1 case in Sichuan, 4 cases in Tibet and 6 cases in Yunnan), where the ethnic groups have the habit of eating raw meat. Pork is the predominant source of outbreaks of human trichinellosis in China. Out of 17 outbreaks, 13 (76.47%) outbreaks were caused by eating raw or poorly cooked pork, 2 (11.77%) outbreaks caused by eating raw dog meat and 2 (11.77%) outbreaks by eating game meat (wild boar and bear), suggesting the increasing significance of dog and game meat as source of infection for human trichinellosis. The partial effects of health education interventions for control of trichinellosis have been achieved in some counties of Yunnan province. The number of inhabitants eating raw meat has decreased from 72.74% (1561/2146) before interventions to 47.43% (489/1031) after interventions. The decrease of incidence of trichinellosis in China during the past 4 years was probably due to a combination of factors, including the reduction in the prevalence of Trichinella infection in domestic swine, the strengthened meat inspection, the increased use of home freezers and the development of heath education practice.
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              Sylvatic focus of trichiniasis in the Caspian region, Northern Iran.

              Iraj Mobedi, H Madadi, K Movafagh … (1973)
              Article 0 comments Cited 8 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Iran J Parasitol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Iran J Parasitol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): IJPA
                Title: Iranian Journal of Parasitology
                Publisher: Tehran University of Medical Sciences
                ISSN (Print): 1735-7020
                ISSN (Electronic): 2008-238X
                Publication date (Print): 2012
                Volume: 7
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 57-61
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
                [2 ]Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita‘, viale Regina Elena, Rome, Italy
                Author notes
                [* ] Corresponding author: Tel.: 00985118803757, Email: hborji@ 123456um.ac.ir
                Article
                Publisher ID: IJPA-7-057
                PMC ID: 3537469
                PubMed ID: 23323092
                SO-VID: 76838b5b-18f0-49dc-bba8-6893552cf9ac
                Copyright © © 2012 Iranian Society of Parasitology & Tehran University of Medical Sciences
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 22 February 2012
                Date accepted : 11 October 2012
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology
                Keywords: epidemiology,carnivores,iran,trichinella britovi
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology
                Keywords: epidemiology, carnivores, iran, trichinella britovi

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