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      Observation of high-energy neutrinos from the Galactic plane

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          Abstract

          The origin of high-energy cosmic rays, atomic nuclei that continuously impact Earth's atmosphere, has been a mystery for over a century. Due to deflection in interstellar magnetic fields, cosmic rays from the Milky Way arrive at Earth from random directions. However, near their sources and during propagation, cosmic rays interact with matter and produce high-energy neutrinos. We search for neutrino emission using machine learning techniques applied to ten years of data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. We identify neutrino emission from the Galactic plane at the 4.5\(\sigma\) level of significance, by comparing diffuse emission models to a background-only hypothesis. The signal is consistent with modeled diffuse emission from the Galactic plane, but could also arise from a population of unresolved point sources.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          10 July 2023
          Article
          10.1126/science.adc9818
          2307.04427
          75d7443c-c050-454d-a0b7-3e0a4a7ff833

          http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

          History
          Custom metadata
          Science 380, 6652, 1338-1343 (2023)
          Submitted on May 12th, 2022; Accepted on May 4th, 2023
          astro-ph.HE astro-ph.GA cs.LG

          Galaxy astrophysics,Artificial intelligence,High energy astrophysical phenomena

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