Phycoremediation of Synthetic Dyes Laden Textile Wastewater and Recovery of Bio-Based Pigments from Residual Biomass: An Approach towards Sustainable Wastewater Management

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Abstract

The textile industry is a growing sector worldwide and has immense opportunity in terms of providing employment and boosting a nation’s economy. However, there exist severe environmental risks associated with textile effluents that impact the surrounding ecosystem. This review offers an approach for sustainable water management using phycoremediation to treat dye-laden wastewater and recover bio-based pigments from the residual biomass. Microalgae such as Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Phormidium, and macroalgae like Sargassum, Enteromorpha, and Codium has been extensively used in several phycoremediation-based studies, and their residual biomass could be a potent source for extraction of bio-based pigments. This review also recommends studies involving the algal-bacterial consortia approach for treating dye-laden wastewater as an alternative to conventional, biobased methods. The outcome of this study will provide policymakers and researchers with new insight to manage water and wastewater resources sustainably. Furthermore, this review also enhances our understanding of nature-based decontamination approaches for treating dye-laden wastewater through algal-based technologies.

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Effects of textile dyes on health and the environment and bioremediation potential of living organisms

Bruno Lellis, Cíntia Zani Fávaro-Polonio, João Pamphile … (2019)

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A critical review on textile wastewater treatments: Possible approaches.

Dipak V. Pinjari, Naresh Mahamuni, Aniruddha Pandit … (2016)

Waste water is a major environmental impediment for the growth of the textile industry besides the other minor issues like solid waste and resource waste management. Textile industry uses many kinds of synthetic dyes and discharge large amounts of highly colored wastewater as the uptake of these dyes by fabrics is very poor. This highly colored textile wastewater severely affects photosynthetic function in plant. It also has an impact on aquatic life due to low light penetration and oxygen consumption. It may also be lethal to certain forms of marine life due to the occurrence of component metals and chlorine present in the synthetic dyes. So, this textile wastewater must be treated before their discharge. In this article, different treatment methods to treat the textile wastewater have been presented along with cost per unit volume of treated water. Treatment methods discussed in this paper involve oxidation methods (cavitation, photocatalytic oxidation, ozone, H2O2, fentons process), physical methods (adsorption and filtration), biological methods (fungi, algae, bacteria, microbial fuel cell). This review article will also recommend the possible remedial measures to treat different types of effluent generated from each textile operation.

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Algae as nutritional and functional food sources: revisiting our understanding

Mark L Wells, Philippe Potin, James Craigie … (2016)

Global demand for macroalgal and microalgal foods is growing, and algae are increasingly being consumed for functional benefits beyond the traditional considerations of nutrition and health. There is substantial evidence for the health benefits of algal-derived food products, but there remain considerable challenges in quantifying these benefits, as well as possible adverse effects. First, there is a limited understanding of nutritional composition across algal species, geographical regions, and seasons, all of which can substantially affect their dietary value. The second issue is quantifying which fractions of algal foods are bioavailable to humans, and which factors influence how food constituents are released, ranging from food preparation through genetic differentiation in the gut microbiome. Third is understanding how algal nutritional and functional constituents interact in human metabolism. Superimposed considerations are the effects of harvesting, storage, and food processing techniques that can dramatically influence the potential nutritive value of algal-derived foods. We highlight this rapidly advancing area of algal science with a particular focus on the key research required to assess better the health benefits of an alga or algal product. There are rich opportunities for phycologists in this emerging field, requiring exciting new experimental and collaborative approaches. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10811-016-0974-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.