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      Learning from eponyms: Jose Verocay and Verocay bodies, Antoni A and B areas, Nils Antoni and Schwannomas

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          Abstract

          Schwannomas are benign peripheral nerve sheath neoplasms composed almost entirely of Schwann cells and are diagnosed histopathologically by the presence of singular architectural patterns called Antoni A and Antoni B areas. These were described first in 1920 by the Swedish neurologist Nils Antoni. The Antoni A tissue is highly cellular and made up of palisades of Schwann cell nuclei, a pattern first described in 1910 by the Uruguayan neuro-pathologist Jose Verocay and are known as Verocay bodies. This article describes the structure and appearance of Verocay bodies and Antoni A and B areas with a brief biographical introduction of the men who described these patterns.

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          Neuropathology for the neuroradiologist: Antoni A and Antoni B tissue patterns.

          Histologic patterns of cellular architecture often suggest a tissue diagnosis. Distinctive histologic patterns seen within the peripheral nerve sheath tumor schwannoma include the Antoni A and Antoni B regions. The purpose of this report is to review the significance of Antoni regions in the context of schwannomas.
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            Regulation of Schwann cell morphology and adhesion by receptor-mediated lysophosphatidic acid signaling.

            In peripheral nerves, Schwann cells (SCs) form contacts with axons, other SCs, and extracellular matrix components that are critical for their migration, differentiation, and response to injury. Here, we report that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), an extracellular signaling phospholipid, regulates the morphology and adhesion of cultured SCs. Treatment with LPA induces f-actin rearrangements resulting in a "wreath"-like structure, with actin loops bundled peripherally by short orthogonal filaments. The latter appear to anchor the SC to a laminin substrate, because they colocalize with the focal adhesion proteins, paxillin and vinculin. SCs also respond to LPA treatment by forming extensive cell-cell junctions containing N-cadherin, resulting in cell clustering. Pharmacological blocking experiments indicate that LPA-induced actin rearrangements and focal adhesion assembly involve Rho pathway activation via a pertussis toxin-insensitive G-protein. The transcript encoding LP(A1), the canonical G-protein-coupled receptor for LPA, is upregulated after sciatic nerve transection, and SCs cultured from lp(A1)-null mice exhibit greatly diminished morphological responses to LPA. Cultured SCs can release an LPA-like factor implicating SCs as a potential source of endogenous, signaling LPA. These data, together with the previous demonstration of LPA-mediated SC survival, implicate endogenous receptor-mediated LPA signaling in the control of SC development and function.
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              Neuropathology for the neuroradiologist: palisades and pseudopalisades.

              Histologic patterns of cellular architecture often suggest a tissue diagnosis. One distinctive histologic pattern seen within some tumors of the nervous system is the palisade. The purpose of this report is to review the significance of palisades and pseudopalisades in the context of such tumors as schwannomas and glioblastomas.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Indian Dermatol Online J
                Indian Dermatol Online J
                IDOJ
                Indian Dermatology Online Journal
                Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                2229-5178
                2249-5673
                Sep-Dec 2012
                : 3
                : 3
                : 215-219
                Affiliations
                [1]Dermatologist and Dermatopathologist, P. D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mahim, Mumbai, India
                Author notes
                Address for correspondence: Dr. Rajiv Joshi, P. D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, 14 Jay Mahal, A Road, Churchgate, Mumbai, India. E-mail: rsjdr@ 123456rediffmail.com
                Article
                IDOJ-3-215
                10.4103/2229-5178.101826
                3505436
                23189261
                6fe7d81b-3c4a-4a7e-93a3-baa8dd73c07d
                Copyright: © Indian Dermatology Online Journal

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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                Dermatology
                schwannoma,jose verocay,verocay bodies,antoni a and b areas,nils antoni
                Dermatology
                schwannoma, jose verocay, verocay bodies, antoni a and b areas, nils antoni

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