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      Pyodermitis Translated title: Piodermites

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          Abstract

          Pyodermitis are primary skin infections mainly caused by pyogenic bacteria of the Staphylococcus and Streptococcus genera. They are relatively common diseases that affect adults and children. There have been frequent reports of bacterial resistance to the recommended antibiotics over the last few years; however, new substances are in use or under development, and this represents an evolution in the treatment of pyodermitis. This review aims at describing clinical, diagnostic and therapeutical features of major pyodermitis: impetigo, ecthyma, erysipelas, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and folliculitis.

          Translated abstract

          As piodermites são infecções cutâneas primárias originadas principalmente por bactérias piogênicas dos gêneros Staphylococcus e Streptococcus. Tratam-se de doenças relativamente comuns, que acometem adultos e crianças. Nos últimos anos há relatos freqüentes de resistência bacteriana aos antibióticos preconizados, no entanto, novas substâncias estão em uso ou mesmo em desenvolvimento, o que representa uma evolução na terapia das piodermites. Esta revisão tem como objetivo descrever aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos e terapêuticos das principais Piodermites: impetigo, ectima, erisipela, síndrome da pele escaldada estafilocócica e foliculites.

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          Most cited references33

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          Pathology of the Skin with Clinical Correlations

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            Management of common bacterial infections of the skin.

            Bacterial skin infections commonly encountered in the community include impetigo, folliculitis/furunculosis, simple abscesses, erysipelas and other nonnecrotizing cellulitis. The review focuses on recent epidemiological, bacteriological and therapeutic advances. Impetigo and erysipelas occur in about 20 and 1 person/1000/year, respectively. Main risk factors for erysipelas are toe-web intertrigo and lymphedema. The true incidence of furunculosis is unknown, whereas outbreaks in small communities are reported worldwide. Staphylococcus aureus is the predominant pathogen for impetigo and furunculosis, and methicillin-resistant strains play a growing role in both diseases. Erysipelas are mainly caused by streptococci, whereas local complications (i.e. abscesses or blisters) may be due to staphylococci, including methicillin-resistant strains in involved geographic areas. Recent trends for treating impetigo and furunculosis predate community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus. For outbreaks of furunculosis, stringent decolonization measures are showing promise, whereas there is no validated therapeutic regimen for chronic furunculosis. Current trends for erysipelas involve ambulatory treatments and reduced duration of antibiotics. Despite better epidemiological or bacteriological knowledge of common bacterial skin infections, the exact role of methicillin-resistant staphylococci needs regular surveys in involved geographic areas. Antibiotic treatment must be active on staphylococci and, to a lesser degree, on streptococci.
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              Erysipelas as a sign of subclinical primary lymphoedema: a prospective quantitative scintigraphic study of 40 patients with unilateral erysipelas of the leg.

              Erysipelas is a common skin infection that is usually caused by beta-haemolytic group A streptococci. After having had erysipelas in an extremity, a significant percentage of patients develops persistent swelling or suffers from recurrent erysipelas. We hypothesize that in cases of erysipelas without a clear precipitating agent, subclinical pre-existing congenital or acquired disturbances in the function of the lymphatic system are present. The persistent swelling after erysipelas is then most likely caused by lymphoedema.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                abd
                Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia
                An. Bras. Dermatol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0365-0596
                1806-4841
                April 2012
                : 87
                : 2
                : 277-284
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameBrazilian Society of Dermatology
                [03] Cascavel PR orgnameUniversidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná orgdiv1Medical School Brazil
                [01] Cascavel PR orgnameUniversidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Brazil
                Article
                S0365-05962012000200013 S0365-0596(12)08700200013
                10.1590/S0365-05962012000200013
                54863439-b909-43ce-bb74-c0a1b8623d15

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 July 2011
                : 19 April 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Review

                Bacterial infections,Review,Staphylococcus,Streptococcus,Skin infections staphylococcal,Infecções bacterianas,Infecções cutâneas estafilocócicas,Revisão

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