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      The Concept of Oppression and Occupational Therapy: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis Translated title: Le concept d'oppression et l'ergothérapie: une synthèse interprétative critique

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          Abstract

          Background. Occupational therapy and occupational science literature include growing attention to issues of justice, marginalization, and rights. In contrast, the concept of oppression has scarcely been employed. Purpose. This paper investigates how adding the concept of oppression may enhance occupational therapy approaches to injustice, prioritizing a focus on structural causes, and facilitating conscientious action. Method. A critical interpretive synthesis explored insights from authors who name oppressions in occupational therapy and occupational science literature. In total, a sample of 28 papers addressing oppression, ableism, ageism, classism, colonialism, heterosexism, racism, and/or sexism was selected for inclusion. Findings. Four themes were identified: oppression and everyday doing; effects of structures and power; responding and resisting; and oppression within occupational therapy. Implications. Incorporating oppression within the plurality of social discourse may help occupational therapists to avoid individualistic explanations, attend to relationships between social structures and constrained occupations, frame intersectional analysis, and engage in praxis.

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          Description. La littérature sur l'ergothérapie et sur la science de l’occupation accorde une attention croissante aux questions de justice, de marginalisation et de droits. En revanche, le concept d'oppression n'a guère été employé. But. Cet article étudie comment l'ajout du concept d'oppression pourrait améliorer les approches ergothérapiques de l'injustice, en mettant l'accent sur les causes structurelles et en facilitant l'action consciencieuse. Méthodologie. Une synthèse critique et interprétative a exploré les idées des auteurs qui nomment les oppressions dans la littérature sur l’ergothérapie et la science de l’occupation. Au total, un échantillon de 28 articles traitant de l'oppression, du capacitisme, de l'âgisme, du classisme, du colonialisme, de l'hétérosexisme, du racisme et/ou du sexisme a été sélectionné pour être inclus. Résultats. Quatre thèmes ont été identifiés : l'oppression et l'action quotidienne; les effets des structures et du pouvoir; la réponse et la résistance; l'oppression au sein de l'ergothérapie. Conséquences. L'incorporation de l'oppression dans la pluralité du discours social pourrait aider les ergothérapeutes à éviter les explications individualistes, à s’intéresser aux relations entre les structures sociales et les occupations contraignantes, à encadrer l'analyse intersectionnelle et à s’engager dans la praxis.

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          Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework

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            Racial microaggressions in everyday life: Implications for clinical practice.

            American Psychologist, 62(4), 271-286
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              Conducting a critical interpretive synthesis of the literature on access to healthcare by vulnerable groups

              Background Conventional systematic review techniques have limitations when the aim of a review is to construct a critical analysis of a complex body of literature. This article offers a reflexive account of an attempt to conduct an interpretive review of the literature on access to healthcare by vulnerable groups in the UK Methods This project involved the development and use of the method of Critical Interpretive Synthesis (CIS). This approach is sensitised to the processes of conventional systematic review methodology and draws on recent advances in methods for interpretive synthesis. Results Many analyses of equity of access have rested on measures of utilisation of health services, but these are problematic both methodologically and conceptually. A more useful means of understanding access is offered by the synthetic construct of candidacy. Candidacy describes how people's eligibility for healthcare is determined between themselves and health services. It is a continually negotiated property of individuals, subject to multiple influences arising both from people and their social contexts and from macro-level influences on allocation of resources and configuration of services. Health services are continually constituting and seeking to define the appropriate objects of medical attention and intervention, while at the same time people are engaged in constituting and defining what they understand to be the appropriate objects of medical attention and intervention. Access represents a dynamic interplay between these simultaneous, iterative and mutually reinforcing processes. By attending to how vulnerabilities arise in relation to candidacy, the phenomenon of access can be better understood, and more appropriate recommendations made for policy, practice and future research. Discussion By innovating with existing methods for interpretive synthesis, it was possible to produce not only new methods for conducting what we have termed critical interpretive synthesis, but also a new theoretical conceptualisation of access to healthcare. This theoretical account of access is distinct from models already extant in the literature, and is the result of combining diverse constructs and evidence into a coherent whole. Both the method and the model should be evaluated in other contexts.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Can J Occup Ther
                Can J Occup Ther
                CJO
                spcjo
                Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. Revue Canadienne D'Ergotherapie
                SAGE Publications (Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA )
                0008-4174
                1911-9828
                2 November 2021
                December 2021
                : 88
                : 4
                : 407-417
                Author notes
                [*]Elizabeth A. Pooley, c/o School of Occupational Therapy, Dalhousie University, Room 324, Forrest Building, 5869 University Avenue PO Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2. Email: elizabethapooley@ 123456gmail.com
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7011-1641
                Article
                10.1177_00084174211051168
                10.1177/00084174211051168
                8640273
                34726107
                490387c7-5964-44ba-97d5-09412e5d59a2
                © CAOT 2021

                This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page ( https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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                Original Articles/Articles originaux
                Custom metadata
                ts19

                critical reflexivity,equity,occupations,social justice,social structures,équité,justice sociale,réflexivité critique,structures sociales

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