<p class="first" id="d2776472e1007">We report a comprehensive proteogenomics analysis,
including whole-genome sequencing,
RNA sequencing, and proteomics and phosphoproteomics profiling, of 218 tumors across
7 histological types of childhood brain cancer: low-grade glioma (n = 93), ependymoma
(32), high-grade glioma (25), medulloblastoma (22), ganglioglioma (18), craniopharyngioma
(16), and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (12). Proteomics data identify common biological
themes that span histological boundaries, suggesting that treatments used for one
histological type may be applied effectively to other tumors sharing similar proteomics
features. Immune landscape characterization reveals diverse tumor microenvironments
across and within diagnoses. Proteomics data further reveal functional effects of
somatic mutations and copy number variations (CNVs) not evident in transcriptomics
data. Kinase-substrate association and co-expression network analysis identify important
biological mechanisms of tumorigenesis. This is the first large-scale proteogenomics
analysis across traditional histological boundaries to uncover foundational pediatric
brain tumor biology and inform rational treatment selection.
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