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      ACTITUDES DE LOS ESTUDIANTES COLOMBIANOS DE MEDICINA HACIA LA PRÁCTICA DE LA DISECCIÓN EN ANATOMÍA Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL PUNTAJE EN LA ESCALA DE EMPATÍA MÉDICA DE JEFFERSON Translated title: Colombian medical students' attitudes towards dissection during anatomy classes and their relationship with a score on the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy

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          Abstract

          Resumen Antecedentes. La práctica de la disección anatómica de cadáveres humanos es una herramienta fundamental en la enseñanza de la anatomía. A través de las prácticas se transmiten no sólo conocimientos teóricos sino además emocionales y del comportamiento que pueden ser de importancia en la construcción de la relación médico-paciente. Objetivo. Caracterizar las actitudes de los estudiantes de pregrado en medicina hacia la práctica de la disección y su relación con la puntuación en la escala de empatía médica de Jefferson. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, con información recolectada en 5 facultades de medicina de Bogotá (Colombia) durante el segundo semestre del año 2010. El instrumento incluyó variables socio demográficas, de actitudes hacia la disección y la escala de empatía médica de Jefferson. Como medida de relación se calcularon razones de prevalencia y sus intervalos de confianza al 95%. Resultados. En total se encuestaron 904 estudiantes. La edad promedio fue de 19,4 +/- 2,8 años; el 51,8% fueron mujeres y el 48,2% hombres. La práctica de la disección evoca emociones positivas y que se relacionan con un mayor interés por aprender. El promedio del puntaje en la escala de empatía médica de Jefferson fue de 113,34. Las mujeres obtuvieron un puntaje significativamente mayor (p=0,012). Ninguna de las razones de prevalencias calculadas fue significativa. Conclusión. Las actitudes de los estudiantes hacia la disección son positivas y en este estudio no se relacionaron con la puntuación en la escala de empatía médica de Jefferson.

          Translated abstract

          Background. Anatomical dissection of human corpses is a fundamental tool when teaching anatomy, thereby leading to gaining theoretical and emotional knowledge and raising awareness regarding behaviour which could be important in building up the doctor-patient relationship. Objective. Characterising undergraduate medical students' attitudes towards dissection and their relationship with a score on the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE). Materials and Methods. This was a cross-sectional study which used information collected from 5 medicine faculties in Bogotá (Colombia) during the second semester, 2010. The instrument included socio-demographic variables regarding attitudes towards dissection and the JSPE. Prevalence ratios and the pertinent 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results. 904 students were surveyed; their average age in years was 19.4 +/- 2.8 (51.8% were female and 48.2% male). Dissection evoked positive emotions which were related to a greater interest in learning. Average JSPE score was 113.34. Females obtained a significantly higher score (p=0.012). None of the prevalence ratios were significant. Conclusion. Students' attitudes towards dissection were positive in this study and were not related to a score on the JSPE.

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          Most cited references58

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          Relationships between medical student burnout, empathy, and professionalism climate.

          Medical student burnout is prevalent, and there has been much discussion about burnout and professionalism in medical education and the clinical learning environment. Yet, few studies have attempted to explore relationships between those issues using validated instruments. Medical students were surveyed at the beginning of their fourth year using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Student Version, and the Professionalism Climate Instrument. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, and Spearman correlation analysis was performed. Scores indicative of higher medical student burnout were associated with lower medical student empathy scores and with lower professionalism climate scores observed in medical students, residents, and faculty. Investigators observed relationships between medical student burnout, empathy, and professionalism climate. These findings may have implications for the design of curriculum interventions to promote student well-being and professionalism.
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            Physician Empathy: Definition, Components, Measurement, and Relationship to Gender and Specialty

            There is a dearth of empirical research on physician empathy despite its mediating role in patient-physician relationships and clinical outcomes. This study was designed to investigate the components of physician empathy, its measurement properties, and group differences in empathy scores.
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              Teaching anatomy without cadavers.

              Anatomy learning is generally seen as essential to medicine, and exposure to cadavers is generally seen as essential to anatomy learning around the world. Few voices dissenting from these propositions can be identified. This paper aims to consider arguments relating to the use of cadavers in anatomy teaching, and to describe the rationale behind the decision of a new UK medical school not to use cadaveric material. First, the background to use of cadavers in anatomy learning is explored, and some general educational principles are explored. Next, arguments for the use of human cadaveric material are summarised. Then, possible arguments against use of cadavers, including educational principles as well as costs, hazards and practicality, are considered. These are much less well explored in the existing literature. Next, the rationale behind the decision of a new UK medical school not to use cadaveric material is indicated, and the programme of anatomy teaching to be employed in the absence of the use of human remains is described. Curriculum design and development, and evaluation procedures, are briefly described. Issues surrounding pathology training by autopsy, and postgraduate training in surgical anatomy, are not addressed in this paper. Evidence relating to the effect on medical learning by students not exposed to cadavers is scant, and plainly opportunities will now arise through our programme to gather such evidence. We anticipate that this discussion paper will contribute to an ongoing debate, in which virtually all previous papers on this topic have concluded that use of cadavers is essential to medical learning.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rfmun
                Revista de la Facultad de Medicina
                rev.fac.med.
                Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0120-0011
                December 2011
                : 59
                : 4
                : 281-307
                Affiliations
                [02] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia orgdiv1Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina
                [01] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia
                Article
                S0120-00112011000400002 S0120-0011(11)05900402
                2e4b7485-2530-42e7-a267-4923f062fffa

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 18 August 2011
                : 22 August 2011
                : 17 June 2010
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 36, Pages: 27
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Investigación original

                dissection,MeSH,empathy,attitude,undergraduate,medical education,DeCS,empatía,actitudes,pregrado,educación médica,disección

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