7
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Perfil fisiológico de los nanomateriales Translated title: Physiological profile of nanomaterials

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Resumen: El objetivo del presente trabajo es dar a conocer el fundamento y potencial aplicación de diversos modelos biológicos experimentales que nos han permitido conocer un poco más acerca del efecto de los nanomateriales (NMs) cuando ingresan e interaccionan en un tejido, órgano o sistema determinado y, con ello, establecer en tiempo real, el perfil fisiológico de un nanomaterial específico. Los resultados obtenidos de las técnicas y enfoques fisiológicos se obtienen de forma relativamente rápida, con un costo comparativamente bajo y proporcionan información importante sobre los mecanismos de acción involucrados en el órgano diana. En esta revisión, se describen algunos modelos fisiológicos que pueden aportar información relevante en nanotoxicología y cómo se podrían complementar a través de modelos in silico. Asi mismo, se presenta como ejemplo de estudio, el trabajo realizado por nuestro grupo de investigación en referencia al efecto biológico de las nanopartículas de plata (AgNPs) haciendo uso de sistemas fisiológicos como el de corazón aislado y perfundido, anillos aislados de vasos sanguíneos y de vías respiratorias.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: The objective of this work is to present the basis and potential application of various experimental biological models that have allowed us to know a little more about the effect of nanomaterials (NMs) when they enter and interact in a specific tissue, organ or system and, with it, establish in real time, the physiological profile of a determined nanomaterial. The results of these physiological techniques and approaches are obtained relatively fast, with relatively low cost and, provide important information related to the mechanisms of action involved in the target organ. In this review, we describe some physiological models that can provide relevant information in nano–toxicology and how they could be complemented through in silico models. Likewise, we display as an example of study associated to the biological effects induced by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), using physiological systems such as isolated and perfused heart, isolated rings of blood vessels and respiratory tract.

          Related collections

          Most cited references30

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Retrograde heart perfusion: the Langendorff technique of isolated heart perfusion.

          In the late 19th century, a number of investigators were working on perfecting isolated heart model, but it was Oscar Langendorff who, in 1895, pioneered the isolated perfused mammalian heart. Since that time, the Langendorff preparation has evolved and provided a wealth of data underpinning our understanding of the fundamental physiology of the heart: its contractile function, coronary blood flow regulation and cardiac metabolism. In more recent times, the procedure has been used to probe pathophysiology of ischaemia/reperfusion and disease states, and with the dawn of molecular biology and genetic manipulation, the Langendorff perfused heart has remained a stalwart tool in the study of the impact upon the physiology of the heart by pharmacological inhibitors and targeted deletion or up-regulation of genes and their impact upon intracellular signalling and adaption to clinically relevant stressful stimuli. We present here the basic structure of the Langendorff system and the fundamental experimental rules which warrant a viable heart preparation. In addition, we discuss the use of the isolated retrograde perfused heart in the model of ischaemia-reperfusion injury ex-vivo, and its applicability to other areas of study. The Langendorff perfusion apparatus is highly adaptable and this is reflected not only in the procedure's longevity but also in the number of different applications to which it has been turned. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            A human liver microphysiology platform for investigating physiology, drug safety, and disease models.

            This paper describes the development and characterization of a microphysiology platform for drug safety and efficacy in liver models of disease that includes a human, 3D, microfluidic, four-cell, sequentially layered, self-assembly liver model (SQL-SAL); fluorescent protein biosensors for mechanistic readouts; as well as a microphysiology system database (MPS-Db) to manage, analyze, and model data. The goal of our approach is to create the simplest design in terms of cells, matrix materials, and microfluidic device parameters that will support a physiologically relevant liver model that is robust and reproducible for at least 28 days for stand-alone liver studies and microfluidic integration with other organs-on-chips. The current SQL-SAL uses primary human hepatocytes along with human endothelial (EA.hy926), immune (U937) and stellate (LX-2) cells in physiological ratios and is viable for at least 28 days under continuous flow. Approximately, 20% of primary hepatocytes and/or stellate cells contain fluorescent protein biosensors (called sentinel cells) to measure apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or cell location by high content analysis (HCA). In addition, drugs, drug metabolites, albumin, urea and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are monitored in the efflux media. Exposure to 180 μM troglitazone or 210 μM nimesulide produced acute toxicity within 2-4 days, whereas 28 μM troglitazone produced a gradual and much delayed toxic response over 21 days, concordant with known mechanisms of toxicity, while 600 µM caffeine had no effect. Immune-mediated toxicity was demonstrated with trovafloxacin with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but not levofloxacin with LPS. The SQL-SAL exhibited early fibrotic activation in response to 30 nM methotrexate, indicated by increased stellate cell migration, expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and collagen, type 1, alpha 2. Data collected from the in vitro model can be integrated into a database with access to related chemical, bioactivity, preclinical and clinical information uploaded from external databases for constructing predictive models.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              A microscale in vitro physiological model of the liver: predictive screens for drug metabolism and enzyme induction.

              In vitro models of the liver using isolated primary hepatocytes have been used as screens for measuring the metabolism, toxicity and efficacy of xenobiotics, for studying hepatocyte proliferation, and as bioartificial liver support systems. Yet, primary isolated hepatocytes rapidly lose liver specific functions when maintained under standard in vitro cell culture conditions. Many modifications to conventional culture methods have been developed to foster retention of hepatocyte function. Still, not all of the important functions -- especially the biotransformation functions of the liver -- can as yet be replicated at desired levels, prompting continued development of new culture systems. In the first part of this article, we review primary hepatocyte in vitro systems used in metabolism and enzyme induction studies. We then describe a scalable microreactor system that fosters development of 3D-perfused micro-tissue units and show that primary rat cells cultured in this system are substantially closer to native liver compared to cells cultured by other in vitro methods, as assessed by a broad spectrum of gene expression, protein expression and biochemical activity metrics. These results provide a foundation for extension of this culture model to other applications in drug discovery -- as a model to study drug-drug interactions, as a model for the assessment of acute and chronic liver toxicity arising from exposure to drugs or environmental agents; and as a disease model for the study of viral hepatitis infection and cancer metastasis.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                mn
                Mundo nano. Revista interdisciplinaria en nanociencias y nanotecnología
                Mundo nano
                Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología y Centro de Investigaciones Interdisciplinarias en Ciencias y Humanidades (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                2007-5979
                2448-5691
                June 2018
                : 11
                : 20
                : 27-41
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de San Luís Potosí orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Mexico
                Article
                S2448-56912018000100027 S2448-5691(18)01102000027
                10.22201/ceiich.24485691e.2018.20.63062
                2d9c6b98-713f-4e04-a0a7-2bd6dc8b8aa1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 June 2017
                : 30 September 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 34, Pages: 15
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos de investigación

                nanomaterials,modelos biológicos,fisiología,nanomateriales,biological models,physiology

                Comments

                Comment on this article