Isolated bilateral macrodontia of mandibular second premolars: A case report – ScienceOpen
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      Isolated bilateral macrodontia of mandibular second premolars: A case report

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          Abstract

          Isolated bilateral macrodontia of mandibular second premolars is an extremely rare dental anomaly with only 5 cases reported to date. This case report presents clinical and radiographic findings of isolated bilateral macrodontia in a 12-year-old child. The patient was referred to the clinic with local crowding of mandibular posterior teeth. Radiographic findings revealed the presence of impacted macrodont mandibular second premolars and their distinct morphological appearance, characterized by large, multitubercular, molariform crowns, and tapering, single roots. Following surgical removal of the impacted premolars, orthodontic therapy was initiated to correct the malocclusion. Along with the features and treatment of this rare anomaly, this case report also illustrates the benefits, in terms of treatment planning and surgical technique, of supplementing conventional radiography with cone-beam computed tomography to localize the macrodont premolars and accurately establish their relationship with the neighboring roots and anatomic structures.

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          Most cited references28

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          Prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies in orthodontic patients.

          The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of developmental dental anomalies in the Turkish population. The study was based on the dental casts, intraoral photographs, and panoramic radiographs of 3043 Turkish children (1658 girls, 1385 boys) who had orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics at the University of Ankara between 1978 and 2003. These patients were examined for 8 developmental dental anomalies: fusion, gemination, microdontia, macrodontia, oligodontia, hypodontia, hyperdontia, and amelogenesis imperfecta. The percentages of these anomalies were assessed in the whole group, and the sexes were compared. It was found that 5.46% of the total group had at least 1 developmental dental anomaly. The distribution by sex was 70 boys (5.05%) and 96 girls (5.79%). Hypodontia is the most common developmental dental anomaly in the Turkish population, followed by microdontia.
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            A unifying aetiological explanation for anomalies of human tooth number and size.

            Genetic and environmental factors are implicated in the aetiology of supernumerary teeth, hypodontia, megadontia and microdontia ; these anomalies tend to be associated. 1115 school children aged 11-14 years examined clinically and radiographically provided prevalence data. A further 703 children with dental anomalies were studied. 153 of these became probands for a family study and 327 of their first-degree relatives were examined. There were much higher frequencies (p less than 0.001) of all anomalies among the relatives of probands than in the general population. Males more often had supernumerary teeth and megadontia and females more frequently had hypodontia (p less than 0.05) and microdontia . For hypodontia, the proportion of relatives affected varied with the severity of the condition in the proband (p less than 0.05). In the prevalence study, there was an association between hypodontia and microdontia (p less than 0.001). These findings may be explained by a multifactorial model having a continuous scale, related to tooth number and size, with thresholds. Position on the scale usually depends upon the combination of numerous genetic and environmental factors, each with a small effect, but occasionally a chromosomal anomaly, a major single gene or a major environmental insult may have a large effect. The finding that the estimated difference between the means of the sexes was the same for each anomaly, within the limits of experimental error, supports the validity of the model.
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              The prevalence of developmental anomalies of teeth and their association with tooth size in the primary and permanent dentitions of 1650 Japanese children.

              The prevalence of microdontia, macrodontia, peg-shaped tooth, Carabelli's tubercle, protostylid, paramolar tubercle, central tubercle and palatal accessory cusp were examined in Japanese children. This study included 905 children with primary dentitions (mean age 4 years 7 months) and 745 high-school students with permanent dentitions (mean age 16 years 8 months). Microdontia, macrodontia, Carabelli's tubercle, protostylid and paramolar tubercle were more frequent in the primary dentition, whereas peg-shaped tooth, central tubercle and palatal accessory cusp were more frequent in the permanent dentition. The association between the presence of developmental anomalies and the size of the remaining teeth was significant in permanent dentitions. Both the literature and this study indicate that developmental anomalies of tooth number, size and morphology should be studied as a group rather than as isolates.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Eur J Dent
                Eur J Dent
                Eur J Dent
                European Journal of Dentistry
                Dental Investigations Society
                1305-7456
                1305-7464
                July 2012
                : 6
                : 3
                : 330-334
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TURKIYE
                [2 ] Staff Paediatric Dentist, Tepebasi Dental Center, Ankara, TURKIYE
                [3 ] Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, TURKIYE
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Dr. Zafer C. Cehreli, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye 06100 Ankara, TURKIYE, Tel: +90 312 3052289, Fax: +90 312 3243190, Email: zcehreli@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                dent06_p0330
                10.1055/s-0039-1698969
                3420842
                22904663
                1f9a9dab-e8b4-4bdc-a415-5379a104220b
                Copyright 2012 European Journal of Dentistry. All rights reserved.
                History
                Categories
                Articles

                Dentistry
                cone-beam computed tomography,tooth unerupted/surgery,tooth abnormalities/complications,macrodontia,bicuspid/abnormalities

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