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      TDP-43 nuclear loss in FTD/ALS causes widespread alternative polyadenylation changes

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          Abstract

          In frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the RNA-binding protein TDP-43 is depleted from the nucleus. TDP-43 loss leads to cryptic exon inclusion but a role in other RNA processing events remains unresolved. Here, we show that loss of TDP-43 causes widespread changes in alternative polyadenylation, impacting expression of disease-relevant genes (e.g., ELP1, NEFL, and TMEM106B) and providing evidence that alternative polyadenylation is a new facet of TDP-43 pathology.

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          Converging mechanisms in ALS and FTD: disrupted RNA and protein homeostasis.

          Breakthrough discoveries identifying common genetic causes for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have transformed our view of these disorders. They share unexpectedly similar signatures, including dysregulation in common molecular players including TDP-43, FUS/TLS, ubiquilin-2, VCP, and expanded hexanucleotide repeats within the C9ORF72 gene. Dysfunction in RNA processing and protein homeostasis is an emerging theme. We present the case here that these two processes are intimately linked, with disease-initiated perturbation of either leading to further deviation of both protein and RNA homeostasis through a feedforward loop including cell-to-cell prion-like spread that may represent the mechanism for relentless disease progression. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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            Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker in neurological disorders

            In the management of neurological diseases, the identification and quantification of axonal damage could allow for the improvement of diagnostic accuracy and prognostic assessment. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a neuronal cytoplasmic protein highly expressed in large calibre myelinated axons. Its levels increase in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood proportionally to the degree of axonal damage in a variety of neurological disorders, including inflammatory, neurodegenerative, traumatic and cerebrovascular diseases. New immunoassays able to detect biomarkers at ultralow levels have allowed for the measurement of NfL in blood, thus making it possible to easily and repeatedly measure NfL for monitoring diseases’ courses. Evidence that both CSF and blood NfL may serve as diagnostic, prognostic and monitoring biomarkers in neurological diseases is progressively increasing, and NfL is one of the most promising biomarkers to be used in clinical and research setting in the next future. Here we review the most important results on CSF and blood NfL and we discuss its potential applications and future directions.
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              Alternative polyadenylation of mRNA precursors

              Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is an RNA-processing mechanism that generates distinct 3′ termini on mRNAs and other RNA polymerase II transcripts. It is widespread across all eukaryotic species and is recognized as a major mechanism of gene regulation. APA exhibits tissue specificity and is important for
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                bioRxiv
                BIORXIV
                bioRxiv
                Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
                22 January 2024
                : 2024.01.22.575730
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
                [2 ]Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
                [3 ]Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
                [4 ]Chan Zuckerberg Biohub – San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
                Author notes
                [5 ] Correspondence: agitler@ 123456stanford.edu
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7189-7917
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8603-1526
                Article
                10.1101/2024.01.22.575730
                10849503
                38328059
                1953dc1b-39f3-4977-952d-ee5f5cd764cc

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use.

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