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      As pesquisas etnodirigidas na descoberta de novos fármacos de interesse médico e farmacêutico: fragilidades e pespectivas Translated title: Ethnodirected research in the discovery of new drugs of medical and pharmaceutical interest: flaws and perspectives

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          Abstract

          As investigações etnofarmacológicas e etnobotânicas têm sido a principal abordagem reconhecida por cientistas em todo o mundo, como uma estratégia de seleção de plantas medicinais. As qualidades e fortalezas dessas abordagens já foram suficientemente discutidas, restando poucas dúvidas de seu potencial e impactos biológicos, econômicos e sociais. Este artigo focaliza os estudos etnodirigidos (etnobotânicos e etnofarmacológicos) levantando os problemas encontrados na qualidade das pesquisas, que podem afetar a sua aplicação na descoberta de novos fármacos de interesse médico e farmacêutico. Adicionalmente, apontamos alguns elementos que podem colaborar para a melhoria da qualidade das abordagens e publicações e que podem ser aplicados a diferentes estudos etnodirigidos. Nós também sugerimos que os investigadores reconsiderem algumas das abordagens dominantes, bem como a visão, não raro simplista, desses estudos.

          Translated abstract

          Ethnopharmacological and ethnobotanical investigations have been the main approach used by scientists all over the world as a strategy to select medicinal plants. The qualities and strengths of these approaches have been sufficiently discussed, and there are a few doubts left in relation to their potential and biological, economic, and social impacts. This article focuses on ethnodirected studies (ethnopharmacological and ethnobotanical), raising problems found in the quality of these studies. In addition, we point out some elements that might contribute to the improvement of approaches and publications that can be applied to different ethnodirected studies. We also suggest that researchers reconsider some of the dominant approaches, as well as the view of these studies, which is often simplistic.

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          Most cited references76

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          Re-examining hypotheses concerning the use and knowledge of medicinal plants: a study in the Caatinga vegetation of NE Brazil

          Background The Caatinga (dry land vegetation) is one of the most characteristic vegetation types in northeastern Brazil. It occupies a large percentage of the semi-arid region there, and generally supports two major types of economic activity: seasonal agriculture and the harvesting of plant products. However, very little information is available concerning the interaction of people with the plants of the Caatinga. Methods A study was undertaken with the participation of 31 adults from a rural community in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, in order to analyze the patterns of use of medicinal plant resources, and to test a number of hypotheses concerning their use and local knowledge about them. The sources of medicinal plants used by the local community, the differences in oral information concerning the use of plants with their effective uses, and the role of exotic plants in local folk medicine practices were examined. Results Forty-eight plant species were cited as having medicinal uses, of which 56.25% are native to the Caatinga region. The patterns of harvesting and the importance of these trees and shrubs as medicinal plants seem to be compatible with a hypothesis based on the seasonal availability of plant resources. There is no direct correlation between known medicinal plants and those used by the local population, which agrees with observations made in different tropical regions. However, this observation was not interpreted in terms of the idea of "erosion" of knowledge (commonly used to explain this lack of correlation), but rather to propose two new concepts: "mass knowledge" and "stock knowledge". Conclusion Native plants are a very significant component of locally used medicinal plants, although exotic plants are important for treating specific health problems – which leads the proposal of a hypothesis of diversification.
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            Book Reviews : Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches (2nd edition), by H. Russell Bernard. Sage Publications, 1994, 584 pp

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              Plantas do gênero Bauhinia: composição química e potencial farmacológico

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbfar
                Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia
                Rev. bras. farmacogn.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia (Curitiba )
                1981-528X
                December 2006
                : 16
                : suppl
                : 678-689
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco Brasil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Brazil
                Article
                S0102-695X2006000500015
                10.1590/S0102-695X2006000500015
                0c26e8f5-8c00-48f5-b61c-f304129a9023

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0102-695X&lng=en
                Categories
                PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

                Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Ethnobotany,ethnopharmacology,methods in ethnobotany,scientific methods,medicinal plants,bioprospecting,Etnobotânica,etnofarmacologia,métodos em etnobotânica,método científico,plantas medicinais,bioprospecção

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