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Abstract

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric pro-inflammatory cytokine that induces the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), favours the differentiation of T helper 1 (T(H)1) cells and forms a link between innate resistance and adaptive immunity. Dendritic cells (DCs) and phagocytes produce IL-12 in response to pathogens during infection. Production of IL-12 is dependent on differential mechanisms of regulation of expression of the genes encoding IL-12, patterns of Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression and cross-regulation between the different DC subsets, involving cytokines such as IL-10 and type I IFN. Recent data, however, argue against an absolute requirement for IL-12 for T(H)1 responses. Our understanding of the relative roles of IL-12 and other factors in T(H)1-type maturation of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is discussed here, including the participation in this process of IL-23 and IL-27, two recently discovered members of the new family of heterodimeric cytokines.

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PubMed ID:: 12563297

DOI:: 10.1038/nri1001

ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry

Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological,Animals,Cell Differentiation,Evolution, Molecular,Gene Expression Regulation,Humans,Immunity, Innate,Infection,immunology,Interleukin-12,chemistry,genetics,Interleukin-23,Interleukin-23 Subunit p19,Interleukins,Models, Immunological,Molecular Structure,Neoplasms,Receptors, Interleukin,Receptors, Interleukin-12,Signal Transduction,Th1 Cells,cytology

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry

Keywords: Adaptation, Physiological, Animals, Cell Differentiation, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Infection, immunology, Interleukin-12, chemistry, genetics, Interleukin-23, Interleukin-23 Subunit p19, Interleukins, Models, Immunological, Molecular Structure, Neoplasms, Receptors, Interleukin, Receptors, Interleukin-12, Signal Transduction, Th1 Cells, cytology

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Interleukin-12 and the regulation of innate resistance and adaptive immunity.

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